复杂低空空地无线信道测量与分析  

Measurement and analysis of complex low-altitude air-to-ground wireless channel

作　　者：于坤灿 向新[1] 董鹏宇 王鹏[1] YU Kuncan;XIANG Xin;DONG Pengyu;WANG Peng(Aviation Engineering School,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学航空工程学院,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《系统工程与电子技术》2024年第12期4238-4247,共10页Systems Engineering and Electronics

基　　金：空军工程大学研究生创新实践基金(CXJ2022006)资助课题。

摘　　要：针对中小型无人机在复杂低空长距离通信方面的可靠性和有效性亟待提高的问题,测量、分析了复杂低空场景下均方根时延扩展、莱斯K因子等信道特性,并建立了相应概率密度函数模型。选取由山体、建筑以及较多树木组成的复杂低空场景,在2.4 GHz频率下进行了信道实测活动,并通过大量数据采集与拟合分析得出结论:信道均方根时延扩展与莱斯K因子的累积分布函数呈正态分布。基于抽头延时线模型和实测数据分析,构建了适用于复杂低空空地无线信道的模型,并通过仿真实验证明所提模型可以很好地实现目标信道特性。所得结果为提高中小型无人机在复杂低空长距离中的通信性能提供了有力支持。In order to improve the reliability and effectiveness of small and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle in complex,low-altitude and long-distance communication,the channel characteristics such as root mean square delay spread(RMS-DS)and Rice K factor in complex and low-altitude scenarios are measured and analyzed,and the corresponding probability density function model is established.A complex and low-altitude scene composed of mountains,buildings and many trees is selected,and real channel measurement activities at 2.4 GHz frequency are conducted.Through a large number of data acquisition and fitting analysis,we conclude that the channel’s RMS-DS is normally distributed with the cumulative distribution function of Rice K factor.Based on the tapped delay line(TDL)model and the analysis of measured data,a model suitable for complex and low-altitude air-to-ground wireless channel is constructed,and the simulation result proves that the proposed model can achieve the target channel characteristics well.The results provide a strong support for improving the performance of small and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle in complex,low-altitude and long-distance communication.

关 键 词：信道测量 复杂低空 均方根时延扩展 莱斯K因子 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]