二十一世纪中国人类演化研究的发现、认识与理论探索  

Discovery,cognition and theoretical exploration of the human evolution studies in China since the begining of 21^(st)century

作　　者：刘武[1] LIU Wu(Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《人类学学报》2024年第6期881-899,共19页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42472006,42372001)。

摘　　要：二十一世纪以来,中国的人类演化研究取得了前所未有的进展,先后发现或报道了田园洞、黄龙洞、智人洞、陆那洞、道县等晚更新世人类化石,以及澎湖、许昌、华龙洞、夏河、哈尔滨等中更新世晚期人类化石。这些化石丰富了中国古人类化石记录,为深入研究中国古人类演化提供了重要的信息。作为多学科参与的人类演化研究,除古人类化石发现与研究外,国内学者在与人类演化相关的旧石器考古、古人类遗址年代、古DNA、古蛋白等方面也开展了大量的研究。这些研究取得了很多新的发现和认识,就中国古人类演化的一些学术问题进行了理论探索,有力地推动了中国的人类演化研究。本文以古人类化石发现与研究为核心,对二十一世纪以来中国人类演化研究重要进展进行梳理并就一些学术问题进行讨论。Starting in the early 20th century,the human evolution studies in China have experienced more than one hundred years.Since beginning of the 21st century,impressive advances have been achieved on the human evolution studies in China.Except for discovering abundant hominin fossils,a series of field work and lab studies have been conducted in Paleolithic archaeology,chronology,and ancient DNA and protein,which indicate the human evolution studies in China have become a wide range of multidisciplinary research.Among these advances,the discoveries of hominin fossils and related studies in the past twenty years are most important,which mainly touched the issues of modern human origin and late Middle Pleistocene hominin evolution in East Asia.The discovery of Late Pleistocene hominin fossils in Tianyuandong with AMS^(14)C dating put the emergence of early modern human in East Asia 40 kaBP which made the studies of modern human origin in China under more accurate dating frame.The subsequent hominin fossil discoveries from Huanglongdong,Zhirendong,Lunadong and Daoxian from the Late Pleistocene further made the appearing time of the modern humans in China as early as 80 to 120 kaBP.Since 21^(st)century,the discoveries of the late Middle Pleistocene hominin fossils from Penghu,Xuchang,Hualongdong,Xiahe and Harbin greatly enrich the hominin fossil records in China and provide important information for the research into human evolution in East Asia.During this period,studies on these newly discovered and other late Middle Pleistocene hominin fossils including Dali,Jinniushan,Xujiayao,Maba and Tongzi have been conducted with most impressive finding that the fossil morphology and evolutionary patterns of the late Middle Pleistocene hominins exhibit very complicated diversities.The morphologies of these fossils are characterized by both derived and archaic features.Some of the fossils exhibit similar or even the same morphological features as in modern humans but others still keep more archaic features.Such a finding suggests th

关 键 词：人类演化 中更新世晚期 晚更新世 多样性 多学科研究 

分 类 号：Q981[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]