泥河湾盆地蔚县东沟旧石器遗址的埋藏过程  被引量:1

Taphonomy of the Donggou Paleolithic site at Yuxian,Nihewan Basin

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作  者:徐静玥 何湘栋 牛东伟 李潇丽 XU Jingyue;HE Xiangdong;NIU Dongwei;LI Xiaoli(Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Department of Archaeology,College of History and Culture,Hebei Normal University.Shijiazhuang 050024;National Natural History Museum of China,Beijing 100050)

机构地区:[1]中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室,中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]河北师范大学历史文化学院考古学系,石家庄050024 [4]国家自然博物馆,北京100050

出  处:《人类学学报》2024年第6期1075-1090,共16页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基  金:国家社科基金一般项目(21BKG034)。

摘  要:泥河湾盆地蔚县东沟遗址是近期发现和研究的重要晚更新世遗址,本文对该遗址进行了埋藏过程分析。地貌和沉积物特点表明,遗址埋藏于定安河(壶流河支流)支流东沟右岸第二级阶地下部,文化遗存保存在泥河湾古湖消亡后的粉砂质黏土层中。遗物的多项指标(遗物空间分布特点、石制品风化磨蚀状况、石器技术组合与空间产状特征等)分析显示,东沟遗址属于近原地埋藏,遗物未经过高能水流的搬运和改造,但重力作用一定程度上影响了遗物的分布与走向;遗址完整性较高,是揭示古人类技术与行为适应的理想遗址。本文的研究表明,泥河湾古湖消亡后泥河湾盆地发育多条河流,其两岸的阶地保存了丰富的古人类活动信息。东沟遗址的深入研究对于正确解读古人类对遗址利用方式,以及完善泥河湾盆地古人类对湖泊消亡后地貌景观的利用策略具有重要意义。Understanding site formation processes is crucial for interpreting archaeological context patterns and hominin behaviors as these affect the preserved condition of a site and the integrity of archaeological remains.Over the past decade,studies on site taphonomic history from fluvio-lacustrine sequences in the Nihewan Basin of North China have been carried out,which offer an important opportunity to investigate human evolution and adapted behaviors from Early to mid-Pleistocene in East Asia.However,archaeological site context patterns regarding early human occupation within the river terraces after the Nihewan old lake died out still need to be further addressed.In recent years,a large number of archaeological sites from river terraces after the lake dried up have been unearthed in Yuxian,a sub-basin in the southeastern part of the Nihewan Basin.This study focuses on the recently discovered Donggou site from there and probes into its archaeo-stratigraphic sequence and site formation processes in order to evaluate its taphonomic history and site integrity.The Donggou site was buried in the lower part of the second terrace on the right bank of the Donggou tributary of the Dian’an River(a tributary of Huliu River).AMS ^(14)C and preliminary OSL dating results show that human occupation most probably took place in the early part of the Late Pleistocene.Geomorphological and sedimentary characteristics indicate that the Donggou archaeological remains are preserved within fine-grain deposits of silty clay that formed after recession of the Nihewan old lake.Multiple indicators,including spatial distribution patterns of lithic artifacts and animal bones,weathering and abrasion conditions of lithic stone technological composition,as well as debitage size curve,suggest that the Donggou archaeological remains were not strongly transformed.The artifacts have not undergone significant transportation or alteration by high-energy hydraulic flow.It should be noted that the gravitational agency has led to the distribution and ori

关 键 词:遗址成因 阶地 晚更新世 东沟遗址 泥河湾盆地 

分 类 号:P534.632[天文地球—第四纪地质学] K871.11[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]

 

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