环境规制降低农业污染的驱动机理研究——基于环境规制内生框架下三种假说的联合检验  

Research on Driving Mechanism of Environmental Regulation to Reduce Agricultural Pollution-The Joint Test of Three Hypotheses Based on the Endogenous Framework of Environmental Regulation

作　　者：姚增福 YAO Zeng-fu(China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002 China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学,南充637002

出　　处：《电子科技大学学报（社科版）》2024年第6期78-91,共14页Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(20BJY129).

摘　　要：准确识别农业“污染天堂”效应,系统揭示环境规制通过不同渠道影响农业污染的传导和反馈机制,有助于全面认识环境规制在农业污染中的真实作用。本文利用30个省、市、自治区2011~2019年的面板数据,构建了环境规制内生决定的联立方程模型,实证检验了环境规制对农业水污染和空气污染的规模效应、结构效应和技术效应,研究了极具争议的环境规制对农业污染的影响。研究发现:(1)环境规制的技术效应对不同污染作用迥异,规模效应、结构效应一致有利于农业污染减少,结构效应的作用更显著;(2)环境规制间接诱发的要素禀赋效应和创新补偿效应抵消了农业“污染天堂”效应,三种假说同时起作用且产生了相反的效果;(3)除环境规制在减少农业污染中发挥了基础性作用外,要素禀赋、人力资本和技术进步均对减少污染产生了积极影响;(4)环境规制一定程度上内生决定于初始的人口、就业、人均收入和技术水平等经济因素。Accurately identifying agricultural“pollution paradise”effect and systematically revealing the transmission and feedback mechanism of environmental regulation affecting agricultural pollution through different channels can fully understand the real role of environmental regulation in agricultural pollution.Based on panel data of 30 provinces from 2011 to 2019,by constructing a simultaneous equation model of endogenous environmental regulations,this paper empirically tests the scale,composition and technique effects of environmental regulations on agricultural water and air pollution,to study the highly controversial influence of environmental regulation on agricultural pollution.Research shows:(1)the technique effect of environmental regulation has different effects on different pollutions,and the scale effect and composition effect are consistent in favor of agricultural pollution reduction,while the composition effect has a significant effect.(2)The factor endowment and innovation compensation effects indirectly induced by environmental regulation offset the agricultural“pollution paradise”effect.The three hypotheses work simultaneously and produce opposite effects.(3)Factor endowments,human capital and technological progress all have a positive impact on pollution except that environmental regulation plays a fundamental role in reducing agricultural pollution.(4)To some extent,environmental regulation is endogenous determined by initial economic factors such as population,employment,per capita income and technological level.

关 键 词：环境规制 规模效应 结构效应 技术效应 农业污染 联立方程 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]