台湾海峡不同环境介质中藻毒素的污染现状分析  

STATUS QUO OF CONTAMINATION OF PHYCOTOXINS IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA IN THE TAIWAN STRAIT

作　　者：李东岳 邱江兵 李爱峰[1,2] 闫国旺 曹亚栋 殷超 LI Dong-Yue;QIU Jiang-Bing;LI Ai-Feng;YAN Guo-Wang;CAO Ya-Dong;YIN Chao(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology,Ocean University of China,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第6期1446-1456,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项课题,2018FY100202号。

摘　　要：藻毒素是由海洋微藻产生的一类代谢产物,广泛分布于不同环境介质中,潜在威胁海洋生物与人类健康,以及水产养殖业的持续发展。台湾海峡渔业资源丰富,生物种类繁多,是我国重要的渔业养殖区。为进一步了解台湾海峡不同环境介质中常见藻毒素的污染现状,于2022年4月采集了浮游植物、海水和沉积物样品,应用液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)进行分析。结果表明,浮游植物样品中软骨藻酸(domoicacid,DA)、大田软海绵酸(okadaicacid,OA)和鳍藻毒素-1(dinophysistoxin-1,DTX1)的检出率分别为25%、71%和100%,平均浓度分别为86.0、9.4和50.1 fmol/L,主要分布于台湾海峡的西北部海域。在海水中检出溶解态的OA和DTX1,检出率均为100%,平均浓度分别为34.4和165 pmol/L,但未检出DA。在柱状沉积物样品中检出OA和DTX1,含量分别为0~0.78 pmol/g dw(dry weight,干重)和0.29~2.95 pmol/g dw,均高于我国沿岸其他大部分海域沉积物中相应毒素的含量。总体来看,台湾海峡不同环境介质中DA的含量较低,而OA和DTX1处于较高水平。因此,今后应加强对台湾海峡贝类养殖区内OA和DTX1毒素的跟踪监测,以保障贝类水产品食用安全。Phycotoxins are a group of metabolites produced by marine microalgae and widely distribute in different environmental media,posing potential threat to the health of marine organisms and humans as well as the development of aquaculture.The Taiwan Strait is an important fishery aquaculture area with rich fishery resources and a variety of biological species in China.To further investigate the current pollution status of common phycotoxins in different environmental media in the Taiwan Strait,phytoplankton,seawater,and sediment samples were collected in April 2022,and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS).Results show that domoic acid(DA),okadaic acid(OA)and dinophysistoxin-1(DTX1)were detected in phytoplankton samples with detection rates at 25%,71%,and 100%,on average concentrations of 86.0,9.4,and 50.1 fmol/L,respectively,and were mainly distributed in the northwestern part of the Taiwan Strait.OA and DTX1 were detected in seawater with 100%detection rates and mean concentrations of 34.4 and 165.0 pmol/L,respectively,but DA was not detected.OA and DTX1 were detected in sediment cores at concentrations ranging 0~0.78 and 0.29~2.95 pmol/g in dry weight,respectively,which are higher than those in the sediments collected from most of the other coastal regions of China.Overall,the levels of DA were low in different environmental media in the Taiwan Strait,while OA and DTX1 were at high levels.Therefore,the monitoring at OA and DTX1 should be strengthened in the shellfish aquaculture regions in the Taiwan Strait to protect the seafood safety of shellfish products.

关 键 词：藻毒素 液相色谱-串联质谱联用 台湾海峡 环境介质 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]