瓯江口春秋两季大型底栖动物群落β多样性格局及其驱动因素分析  

ANALYSIS OFβ-DIVERSITY PATTERNS OF MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES AND THEIR DRIVERS IN SPRING AND FALL IN THE OUJIANG RIVER ESTUARY

作　　者：杨玉澍 李茵茵 宋晨 韩万虹 周维维 韩庆喜[1] YANG Yu-Shu;LI Yin-Yin;SONG Chen;HAN Wan-Hong;ZHOU Wei-Wei;HAN Qing-Xi(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315832,China;Yuzhi Environmental Technology(Zhejiang)Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315199,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhanjiang),Zhanjiang 524000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315832 [2]禹治环境科技(浙江)有限公司,浙江宁波315199 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(湛江),广东湛江524000

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第6期1478-1487,共10页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,42076156号。

摘　　要：多样性是连接α多样性和γ多样性的重要枢纽,其格局及构建机制一直是生态学研究的热点,尤其是在海洋生态系统中对其的研究相对较少。从物种组成β多样性的角度出发,应用Mantel检验分析了瓯江口β多样性及其组分与地理距离的关系。通过基于矩阵的多元回归分析(multiple regression on distance matrices,MRM)、物种组成与环境因子之间的Mantel检验以及Shannon多样性指数与环境因子间的Spearman分析,综合探讨了构建瓯江口β多样性的主要环境因子。研究结果显示,瓯江口海域大型底栖动物物种组成的β多样性较高,且周转组分占主导,表明不同站点之间物种组成存在显著差异。春季群落组成与环境因子相关性分析表明,沉积物中的油类物质(Oil)对β多样性、α多样性和物种组成均有显著影响,而秋季的主要影响因子为沉积物中的铬(Cr)。这些结果表明,环境过滤是驱动瓯江口海域大型底栖动物β多样性格局的关键因素,扩散限制作用不显著。文章阐明了在小尺度研究区域中,β多样性格局主要由环境过滤驱动,并为其他海域的底栖动物β多样性研究提供了参考。Beta diversity serves as an important bridge between alpha and gamma diversity,and its patterns and underlying mechanisms have long been a hotspot in ecological research,especially in marine ecosystems,where it has received relatively less attention at present.In March 2021(spring)and November 2020(autumn),15 sampling stations were set up in water depth of 2.3~9 m in the Oujiang River estuary,Zhejiang,SE China.Water and bottom sediment samples were collected and processed for different usages.Major physical and chemical indices of water and concentrations of pollutants(heavy metals and petroleum)in sediment were measured.Macrobenthic organisms in the sediments were identified and their Latin names were updated based on the latest version of WoRMS(www.marinespecies.org).The relationships between beta diversity,its components,and geographic distance in the estuary were analyzed.The main environmental factors that constitute the beta diversity were explored systematically through matrix-based multiple regression analysis,Mantel test between species composition and environmental factors,and Spearman analysis between Shannon diversity index and environmental factors.Results showed that the beta diversity of macrobenthos species composition in the estuary area was high and dominated by turnover component,indicating significant differences in species composition among sites.In spring,petroleum content in the sediment significantly affected beta and alpha diversity,and species composition,while in autumn,chromium in the sediment took over.Therefore,environmental filtering was the key factor driving macrobenthic beta diversity in the Oujiang River estuary,and diffusion restriction was not significant.This study clarified that in a small area,the beta diversity pattern is mainly driven by environmental filtering,which provides a reference for the study of macrobenthos beta diversity in other sea areas.

关 键 词：Β多样性 大型底栖动物 环境过滤 扩散限制 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]