东南太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)雌雄性比变化及与海域环境的关系  

SEX RATIO VARIATION AND ITS RELATION TO MARINE ENVIRONMENTS FOR DOSIDICUS GIGAS IN THE EQUATORIAL WATER OF SOUTHEAST PACIFIC

作　　者：梅勇杰 林东明[1,2,3,4] MEI Yong-Jie;LIN Dong-Ming(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Fisheries Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第6期1488-1498,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,41876144号;上海市人才发展资金项目,2020107号;上海市自然科学基金项目,16ZR1415400号。

摘　　要：雌雄性比作为有性生殖生物种类繁衍的基础,是物种种群维持的关键。选取2017~2019年1~9月我国远洋鱿钓作业渔船在东南太平洋赤道海域捕获的茎柔鱼渔获样本,分析雌雄性比的时空变化,并利用混合模型分析雌雄性比与栖息海域环境因子的关系。结果显示,茎柔鱼的总体雌雄性比在1∶1至4.67∶1之间,随着月份推移呈下降趋势;成熟群体的雌雄性比在0∶1至0.34∶1之间,随着月份推移呈增大趋势;总体雌雄性比与性成熟个体占比呈负相关关系,而在性成熟个体占比>10%时成熟群体的雌雄性比呈增大趋势。同时,总体雌雄性比与采样经度×纬度存在显著相关性(P<0.05),且与海表温、海表盐度、海平面高度及叶绿素a浓度等环境因子显著相关(P<0.05);但是,成熟群体雌雄性比与采样经度×纬度、海域环境因子等的关系不明显。结果表明,茎柔鱼的雌雄性比变化主要与性腺发育有关,且总体雌雄性比与栖息海域环境密切相关,而成熟群体具有较强的环境适应性以保持相对稳定的雌雄性比。The sex ratio,as the foundation for the propagation of sexually reproducing species,is substantial for the maintenance of species populations.To investigate the variations in the sex ratio of the jumbo flying squid(Dosidicus gigas)and its relationship with the environmental conditions of their habitat,samples were selected from the catches of Chinese distant-water jigging vessels operating in the equatorial waters of the southeast Pacific from January to September in 2017~2019.The temporal and spatial variations in sex ratio were analyzed,and a mixed model was employed to examine the relationship between the sex ratio and environmental variables of the habitat.Results indicate that the overall sex ratio of the jumbo flying squid ranged from 1:1 to 4.67:1,showing a decreasing trend over the sampling months.In contrast,the sex ratio of mature individuals ranged from 0:1 to 0.34:1,exhibiting an increasing trend over time.There was a negative relationship between the overall sex ratio and the percentage of mature individuals.When the percentage of mature individuals exceeded 10%,the sex ratio of mature individuals showed an increasing trend.Additionally,the overall sex ratio was significantly correlated with the sampling latitude×longitude,and was also significantly associated with environmental variables including sea surface temperature,sea surface salinity,sea surface height,and chlorophyll-a concentration.However,the sex ratio of mature individuals did not show a significant correlation with the sampling latitude×longitude or with the environmental variables of the habitat.The findings suggest that the variations in the sex ratio of the jumbo flying squid are primarily related to gonadal development,and the overall sex ratio is closely linked to the marine environment.Conversely,the mature individuals exhibits a strong environmental adaptability to maintain a relatively stable sex ratio.

关 键 词：茎柔鱼 性比 GAMM模型 海洋环境 东南太平洋 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源] S932[农业科学—水产科学] Q958[生物学—动物学]