夏季不同环境控制方法对层叠式笼养肉鸭舍内环境的影响  

Effects of Different Environmental Control Methods in Summer on Indoor Environment of Cascading Cage-rearing Meat Duck House

作　　者：林勇[1] 代伟伟 夏礼如[1] 柏宗春[1] 王建辉 索川 梁越 孙玉伦 王强[6] LIN Yong;DAI Weiwei;XIA Liru;BAI Zongchun;WANG Jianhui;SUO Chuan;LIANG Yue;SUN Yulun;WANG Qiang(Key Laboratory of Protected Agriculture Engineering in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210014;Dingyuan County Rural Revitalization Bureau,Chuzhou,Anhui 233200;Suining County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technical Guidance Station,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221200;Publicity Department of the Municipal Committee,Suzhou,Anhui 234099;Jiangsu Zhiqin Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221223;School of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230026)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业设施与装备研究所,农业农村部长江中下游设施农业工程重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]定远县乡村振兴局,安徽滁州233200 [3]睢宁县畜牧兽医技术指导站,江苏徐州221200 [4]宿州市委宣传部,安徽宿州234099 [5]江苏智勤牧业有限公司,江苏徐州221223 [6]安徽农业大学工学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《中国家禽》2024年第12期85-92,共8页China Poultry

基　　金：江苏现代农业水禽产业技术体系[JATS(2023)080];江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(2022)1008];苏州市科技计划项目(SNG2022035)。

摘　　要：为研究与优化夏季高温高湿条件下层叠笼养肉鸭舍环境控制方法,试验选取设施结构与养殖工艺完全相同的两栋鸭舍,根据温度变化将对照舍设置为3段式通风管理,试验舍采用5段式通风管理,研究不同环控策略对舍内温度、湿度、风速与CO_(2)质量浓度的影响。结果显示:测试期间,试验舍与对照舍内平均温度范围分别为23.5~28.9℃、25.5~30.9℃,试验舍内平均温度波动低于对照舍,最大温差达到4.3℃;对照舍12∶00~24∶00时平均温度明显高于试验舍,而平均相对湿度却低于试验舍。两栋舍内温度沿纵向通风呈上升趋势,同时相对湿度呈下降趋势。12∶00~24∶00期间,试验舍于横向、纵向与垂直方向上各区域温度均显著低于对照舍(P<0.05),同时00∶00~24∶00相对湿度均显著高于对照舍(P<0.05)。00∶00~12∶00时,两栋舍前端、对照舍上与中层温湿指数(THI)为76.23~77.71,其余区域THI为78.06~79.26;12∶00~24∶00期间,试验舍除底层THI为80.46,其余区域THI为74.26~76.77,而对照舍所有区域THI为79.29~80.52,属于中度应激。试验舍与对照舍风速分别为0.99~1.25 m/s、0.45~1.20 m/s,且CO_(2)质量浓度分别为1198~1396 mg/m^(3)、1154~1570 mg/m^(3),试验舍内风速与CO_(2)质量浓度波动均小于对照舍。与对照舍相比,试验舍肉鸭成活率显著提高(P<0.05)。研究结果提示夏季层叠笼养肉鸭舍采用5段式通风管理,可有效改善舍内环境质量、缓解肉鸭热应激程度。The paper aimed to study and optimize the environmental control strategy for cascading cage-rearing meat duck house under high temperature and humidity in summer.During the experiment,two duck houses with identical facility structure and breeding technology were selected to analyze the influence of different environmental control methods on the inner temperature,humidity,wind speed and CO_(2) mass concentration,and the control house adopted 3-stage ventilation management while the experimental house adopted 5-stage ventilation management according to the ambient temperature.The results showed that during the test period,the average temperature ranges in the experimental house and the control house were 23.5℃to 28.9℃and 25.5℃to 30.9℃,respectively.The average temperature fluctuation in the experimental house was lower than that in the control house,and the maximum temperature difference reached 4.3℃;The average temperature of the control house was significantly higher than that of the experimental house from 12∶00 to 24∶00,while the average relative humidity was lower than that of the experimental house.The temperature in the two buildings increased along the tunnel ventilation,while the relative humidity decreased.During the period of 12∶00 to 24∶00,the temperature of each region in the horizontal,longitudinal and vertical directions of the experimental house was significantly lower than that of the control house(P<0.05),and the relative humidity from 00∶00 to 24∶00 was significantly higher than that of the control house(P<0.05).As for the heat stress condition of 00∶00 to 12∶00,the temperature humidity index(THI)range in the front of the two houses and the upper and the middle of the control house were 76.23 to 77.71 while the THI in the rest areas ranged from 78.06 to 79.26.From 12∶00 to 24∶00,the THI in the bottom layer of experimental house was 80.46,and the THI range of the rest area ranged from 74.26 to 76.77,while the THI in all areas of the control house was 79.29 to 80.52,whi

关 键 词：肉鸭 层叠笼养 环境控制方法 温度 湿度 

分 类 号：S834.4[农业科学—畜牧学]