医疗决定中意定监护问题研究  

Research on issues of designated guardianship in medical decision-making

作　　者：吕越 赵瑞萍 LV Yue;ZHAO Ruiping(Peking University People’s Hospital,Beijing,100044,PRC)

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院,北京市100044

出　　处：《中国医院》2025年第1期81-84,共4页Chinese Hospitals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72304012)。

摘　　要：意定监护人的医疗决定权是被监护人医疗自主权的延伸,是意思自治的重要体现。但由于我国意定监护制度尚未细化,且《民法典》第1219条只规定了近亲属的医疗决定权,并未提及意定监护人,导致意定监护制度与医疗决定权的行使衔接困难。本研究通过对当前意定监护人医疗决定权的概述明确其内涵和权利来源,探究其取得、职责范围及与近亲属代为同意权的顺位问题,分析医疗决定中意定监护人的侵权形态,并提出保护被监护人医疗自主权的可行性措施,意在通过完善意定监护制度在医疗活动中的应用路径,最大程度实现被监护人的医疗自主权。The medical decision-making rights of designated guardians are an extension of the medical autonomy of the ward and an essential expression of autonomy.However,due to the lack of refinement in China’s designated guardianship system and the Civil Code's Article 1219 granting medical decision-making rights only to close relatives without mentioning designated guardians,challenges arise in integrating guardianship with medical decision-making.This study provides an overview of the medical decision-making rights of designated guardians,clarifying their definition and legal basis.It explores their acquisition,scope of responsibilities,and priority in relation to the consent rights of close relatives.The study also analyzes forms of infringement by designated guardians in medical decisions and proposes feasible measures to protect the medical autonomy of wards.By improving the application of the designated guardianship system in medical activities,this research aims to maximize the medical autonomy of wards.

关 键 词：医疗决定权 意定监护 意思自治 保护机制 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]