论形式逻辑、史源学在地方史地研究中的作用——以金牛道筹笔驿位置再讨论为中心  

The Roles of Formal Logic and Historical Origin Study in Studies on Local History and Geography--A Further Discussion of Location of Choubi Post on Jinniu Road

作　　者：蓝勇[1] Lan Yong(Institute of Historical Geography,Southwest University,Chongqing,China,400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史地理研究所,中国重庆400715

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2024年第4期1-8,共8页Local Culture Research

摘　　要：形式逻辑和史源学对于目前中国历史研究相当重要,但在史学界往往重视不够,特别是在地方史地研究中尤为明显。从史源学角度来看,唐宋筹笔驿故事、性质、位置都具有不确定性。宋代地理文献最早、最直接记载筹笔驿距离利州的里程,以史源学角度看,这是最为重要、科学信度最高的记载。其记载的里程与清代以来朝天驿距离广元里程基本一致,与实地吻合,可直接证明唐宋筹笔驿在今朝天镇。明代有筹笔驿具体位置记载的文献中,大都记载筹笔驿与朝天驿里程位置相同或相近,也可直接证明筹笔驿在朝天镇。明代并无所谓直接记载唐宋筹笔驿在今军师庙的任何文献。清代道光《广元县志》中有关筹笔(滩)驿在今军师庙位置的记载,不过是清代众多筹笔驿位置记载中的极少数,根本不是所谓“共识”。这种清代所谓筹笔驿在军师庙的认知,明显是乡土历史重构的一种观点而已。从筹笔驿位置争论中我们发现,在地方史地研究中,要警惕地方功利观对地方史地研究的左右,加强史源学和形式逻辑训练、坚决反对“学术造假”相当必要。Although formal logic and historical origin study are of great importance in the current study of Chinese history,they have not received enough attention in the historian circle,especially in studies on local history and geography.The story,nature,and location of Choubi post(筹笔驿)during the Tang and Song dynasties are uncertain from the perspective of historical origin study.The literature on geography in the Song Dynasty recorded the distance from Choubi post to Lizhou the most earliest and directly,which is the most important and scientifically reliable record.The milage recorded is almost consistent with that from Chaotian post(朝天驿)to Guangyuan,which coincides well with the actual fact,thus directly proving that Choubi post was located in today’s Chaotian town(朝天镇)during the Tang and Song dynasties.Most of the documents in the Ming Dynasty that recorded the specific location of Choubi Post mentioned that Choubi Post was at the same or a similar mileage location as Chaotian Post,which also directly proves that Choubi Post was located in Chaotian Town.During that period there was no document directly recording that Choubi post was located at today’s Junshi temple(军师庙)in the Tang and Song dynasties.The record that Choubi post or Choubi shoal(筹笔滩)was located at today’s Junshi temple in Guangyuan County Annals(广元县志)during the Daoguang period in the Qing Dynasty is not a consensus,but an idea held by very few researchers,among the numerous records of the location of Choubi post.Evidently,this kind of cognition in the Qing Dynasty itself is just a view of the reconstruction of local history.From the debate over the location of Choubi post,we found that caution must be made to the influence of local utilitarian views on studies of local history and geography and that it is necessary to strengthen the training in historical origin study and formal logic and to oppose academic fraud firmly.

关 键 词：形式逻辑 史源学 筹笔驿 朝天驿 乡土历史重构 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学]