辽东根柢,以亭为名——交通地理视阈的汉晋文(汶)县地望发微  

The Root of Eastern Liaoning·Taking Pavilion as Name--A Study on Location of Wen County during Han and Jin Dynasties from the Perspective of Traffic Geography

作　　者：佘远姣 王海 She Yuanjiao;Wang Hai(College of History and Culture,Bohai University,Jinzhou,Liaoning,121013)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学历史文化学院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《地方文化研究》2024年第4期16-24,共9页Local Culture Research

基　　金：国家社科基金专项重大课题“汉晋时期东北郡县研究”(项目编号:20VGB005)子课题“资料与研究篇——汉晋时期东北边郡文献资料整理与研究”阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：文(汶)县是汉晋东北边疆县邑之一,在区域社会历史进程中扮演着重要角色。关于文县地望研究,尚存在较大学术分歧。从遗址位置与规模、出土文物等方面看,瓦房店陈屯、熊岳温泉、盖州城关为文县治所的可能性较大。慕容鲜卑“汶城北”内战之地定位,或是判断文县地望的关键。起初,慕容仁“尽众距战”、慕容皝“大败”。慕容皝的最终胜利,得益于不顾“海道危阻”“从昌黎践凌而进”,奇袭平郭。这大概与慕容仁“专备陆道”,利用“汶城北”易守难攻的形胜有关。中古以降的辽东战事,盖州城关一带的青石岭诸山险,在各方势力博弈中发挥了关键作用,盖州遂为“辽东根柢”。盖州城关汉城为汉晋文县治所的可能性最大。王莽时,“郡县以亭为名者三百六十”,文县名“文亭”,突显其辽东交通战略枢纽地位。文亭与其以南的半岛地区,乃一相对独立的地理单元,成为公孙度析分“中辽郡”、慕容仁“镇平郭”的基础,体现出强烈的海洋意识,促进了早期东北亚海上丝绸之路发展。Wen County was one of the counties in the northeast border areas during Han and Jin dynasties,which played an important role in the regional social history.There are academic disagreements in the study of Wen County’s geographical location.From the aspects of site location,scale,and unearthed cultural relics,etc.,Chentun in Wafangdian City,Hot Spring in Xiongyue Town and the region near Gaizhou City Gate are more likely to be the seat of Wen County government.The key to judge the location of Wen County is to determine the specific location of the civil war in“the north of Wen Town”which occurred in the Murong’s Family in Xianbei tribe.At first,Murong Ren“tried his best to fight at a long distance”and Murong Huang was“defeated”terribly.However,Murong Huang gained the final victory,because he launched a surprise attack to Pingguo Town by marching through a icy sea route from Changli County,regardless of the“danger of the sea route”.Another possible reason is that Murong Ren“specially prepared a land route”and depended on the advantage of the“north of Wen Town”in easy defense and difficult attack.The wars which happened in Eastern Liaoning since the middle ages and the precipitous Qingshiling Mountain around Gaizhou City Gate played key roles in the game of all forces,and Gaizhou thus became the“root of the Eastern Liaoning”.Han Town outside Gaizhou City Gate is most likely to be the seat of Wen County government during Han and Jin dynasties.During the reign of Wang Mang,“there were many counties with pavilion(Ting)as their names”,and Wen County was named“Wen Pavilion”(Wen Ting),highlighting its position as the strategic transportation hub of the Eastern Liaoning.Wen Pavilion and its southern peninsula area,as a relatively independent geographical unit,became the basis of Gongsun Du’s dividing“Zhongliao County”and Murong Ren’s naming“Pingguo Town”,reflecting a strong sense of ocean,and promoting early development of the Northeast Asia Maritime Silk Road.

关 键 词：汉晋时期 文(汶)县 汶城北 盖州城关汉城 文亭 中辽郡 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]