卫生应急能力及评估指标现状  

Current status of health emergency capacity and assessment indicators

作　　者：张佳艺 李朝荷 周蕾[1] ZHANG Jiayi;LI Zhaohe;ZHOU Lei(Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第10期1331-1336,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71934002);中国疾病预防控制中心流调溯源专班的卫生人才队伍胜任力模型构建及试点研究(JY22-3-03)。

摘　　要：通过总结卫生应急、卫生应急能力的基本概念,梳理世界卫生组织、欧盟、美国、中国的卫生应急机构与制度等能力建设现状,并对比阐述国际卫生条例、联合外部评估、流行病防备指数、全球卫生安全指数、全球卫生安全指数大流行防范和应对独立小组评估报告在实际应用中的优势和局限性,发现目前国内外均面临着制度和应用方面的挑战,建议可以从加强国际合作与信息共享、提升卫生应急法律的约束力、制定可操作性强的卫生应急预案、建立不明原因传染病监测机制、优化卫生应急物资储备结构五方面来提升全球卫生应急能力。This paper aims to review the fundamental concepts of health emergency and health emergency capacity, as well as the current status of the capacity-building of health emergency institutions and systems in the World Health Organization, the European Union, the United States and China. The effects of the International Health Regulations, Joint External Assessment Evaluation, Epidemic Preparedness Index, Global Health Security Index, IPPPR independent assessment report and China's health emergency assessment indicators are com-pared, and the advantages and limitations in practical application are expounded. The findings indicate that both domestic and international contexts face challenges related to systems and applications In the future, the global health emergency response capacity can be improved from five aspects: strengthening international cooperation and information sharing, enhancing the enforceability of health emergency laws, developing operational health emergency response plans, establishing surveillance mechanisms for unknown infectious diseases, and optimizing the reserve structure of health emergency materials.

关 键 词：卫生应急 应急能力 评价指标 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]