2018—2022年浙江省台州市疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析与数据挖掘  

Monitoring analysis and data mining of adverse events following immunization in Taizhou City of Zhejiang Province,2018-2022

作　　者：伍晶星 陈怡平[1] 魏伊凡 叶航 时路 徐一文[1] 邱春华[1] WU Jingxing;CHEN Yiping;WEI Yifan;YE Hang;SHI Lu;XU Yiwen;QIU Chunhua(Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318000,China;Zhengcai Cloud Co,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]台州市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,浙江台州318000 [2]政采云有限公司

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第12期935-939,960,共6页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2022年浙江省台州市疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生特征,挖掘不良反应可疑信号,提升预防接种安全管理效能。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统免疫规划信息管理系统和浙江省免疫规划智慧服务信息系统收集台州市2018—2022年AEFI个案以及接种剂次数,采用描述性流行病学方法分析AEFI发生特征,使用比例失衡法挖掘7岁以下儿童疫苗不良反应可疑信号。结果2018—2022年,台州市33种疫苗共报告AEFI个案7299例,年均报告发生率为61.64/10万剂,其中无细胞百白破联合疫苗、乙脑灭活疫苗、麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗、白喉破伤风联合疫苗、13价肺炎球菌多糖结合疫苗等5种疫苗AEFI报告发生率呈上升趋势(Z值分别为8.247、7.257、5.612、2.859、2.538,P.adjust均<0.05),23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗、流行性感冒疫苗、肠道病毒71型灭活疫苗、二价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、四价人乳头瘤病毒疫苗、带状疱疹疫苗等7种疫苗AEFI报告发生率呈下降趋势(Z值分别为-15.711、-7.333、-5.722、-6.797、-5.491、-4.327、-2.822,P.adjust均<0.05)。6288例一般反应中,5694例有发热、局部红肿、局部硬结中的一种或多种症状,占90.55%,其中发热、局部红肿、局部硬结的报告发生率分别为29.23/10万剂(3461例)、23.74/10万剂(2811例)、9.21/10万剂(1090例);异常反应中过敏性皮疹最为多见,报告发生率为4.21/10万剂(498例)。7岁以下不良反应病例中,数据挖掘共发现8个疫苗不良反应可疑信号。结论2018—2022年台州市AEFI监测敏感性维持在较高水平,以一般反应为主,数据挖掘未识别出严重不良反应信号,提示疫苗安全性较高。Objectives To analyze the characteristics of suspected adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Taizhou City from 2018 to 2022 and identify suspicious adverse reaction signals for improving the safety management efficiency of vaccination.Methods AEFI cases and the number of vaccinations administered in Taizhou from 2018 to 2022 were collected through the China Immunization Program Information Management System and the Intelligent Service Information System of Zhejiang Provincial Immunization Program.Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed to analyze the characteristics of AEFI occurrence,and disproportionality analysis methods were used to identify suspicious signals of vaccine adverse reactions in children under seven years old.Results From 2018-2022,a total of 7299 AEFI cases were reported for 33 vaccines in Taizhou,with an average annual reported incidence of 61.64/100000 doses,and the reported incidence of AEFI showed an increasing trend for the five vaccines including DTaP,JE-I,MMR,DT and PPCV13(Z-values were 8.247,7.257,5.612,2.859 and 2.538respectively;all P.adjust<0.05),and showed a decreasing trend for the seven vaccines including PPV23,InfV,EV71V,HPV2,MPSV-A,HPV4 and HZV(Z-values were-15.711,-7.333,-5.722,-6.797,-5.491,-4.327 and-2.822 respectively;all P.adjust<0.05).There were 6288 cases of general reactions,of which 5694 cases(90.55%)involved symptoms such as fever,local redness/swelling,and local induration.The reported incidences for fever,local redness/swelling,and local induration were29.23 per 100000 doses(3461 cases),23.74 per 100000 doses(2811 cases),and 9.21 per 100000 doses(1090 cases),respectively.Among the abnormal reactions,allergic rash was the most common,with a reported incidence of 4.21 per 100000doses(498 cases).Among the cases of adverse reactions under 7 years of age,a total of 8 signals of suspected adverse reactions to vaccines were found by data mining.Conclusions From 2018 to 2022,the sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in Taizhou City was maintained at a high level;ge

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 数据挖掘 比例失衡分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]