2023年河南省禹州市户籍居民死因特征及潜在寿命损失分析  

Analysis of death cause characteristics and potential years of life lost among registered residents in Yuzhou City,Henan Province in 2023

作　　者：郭影 王全新 李燕静 张亚楠 GUO Ying;WANG Quanxin;LI Yanjing;ZHANG Yanan(Xuchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuchang,Henan 461000,China;Yuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]许昌市疾病预防控制中心,河南许昌461000 [2]禹州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第12期952-956,共5页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的分析2023年河南省禹州市户籍居民死因特征和潜在寿命损失情况,为制定疾病控制策略提供依据。方法从人口死亡信息登记管理系统中导出2023年禹州市报告的户籍居民死因监测资料和户籍人口资料,按照ICD-10统一编码进行死因分类,采用描述性流行病学方法对居民死亡分布特征和潜在寿命损失情况进行分析。使用Excel 2019软件和SPSS 20.0软件计算粗死亡率(MR)、标化死亡率(SMR)、潜在寿命损失年(PYLL)、标化潜在寿命损失年(SPYLL)、标化潜在减寿率(SPYLLR)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)等相关指标。结果2023年禹州市户籍居民死亡数为9421人,粗死亡率为702.01/10万,标化死亡率为863.88/10万。男性粗死亡率和标化死亡率(789.68/10万、1083.97/10万)均高于女性(606.01/10万、686.67/10万),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为162.043、595.023,P均<0.001)。禹州市户籍居民死因顺位前5位依次是心脏病(34.66%)、恶性肿瘤(24.11%)、脑血管疾病(22.62%)、呼吸系统疾病(7.24%)和伤害(5.28%),共占全死因的93.91%。潜在寿命损失前5位疾病依次是恶性肿瘤、心脏病、伤害、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病。结论心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害是禹州市户籍居民死亡及潜在寿命损失的主要疾病,应采取有效防控措施减少其对居民健康的危害。Objective To analyze the characteristics of death causes and potential years of life lost(PYLL)among registered residents in Yuzhou City,Henan Province in 2023,so as to provide evidence for formulating disease control strategies.Methods The death cause monitoring data for registered residents reported and registered population data in Yuzhou City in2023 were extracted from the Population Death Information Registration and Management System.The death causes were classified according to the unified coding of ICD-10.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the characteristics of resident death distribution and PYLL.Excel 2019 and SPSS 20.0 were used to calculate relevant indicators such as crude mortality rate(MR),standardized mortality rate(SMR),PYLL,standardized PYLL(SPYLL),standardized PYLL rate(SPYLLR),and average years of life lost(AYLL).Results In 2023,the number of deaths among registered residents in Yuzhou City was 9421.The crude MR was 702.01 per 100000,and SMR was 863.88 per 100000.The crude MR and SMR in males(789.68 per 100000 and 1083.97 per 100000)were higher than those in females(606.01 per 100000 and 686.67 per100000),and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)values were 162.043 and 595.023 respectively;all P<0.001).The top five causes of death among registered residents in Yuzhou City were heart disease(34.66%),malignant tumor(24.11%),cerebrovascular disease(22.62%),respiratory disease(7.24%)and injury(5.28%),accounting for 93.91%of all causes of death.The top five diseases with PYLL were malignant tumor,heart disease,injury,cerebrovascular disease and respiratory disease.Conclusions Heart disease,malignant tumor,cerebrovascular disease,respiratory disease and injury are the main diseases causing death and PYLL among the registered residents in Yuzhou City.Effective prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce their harm to residents'health.

关 键 词：死亡率 死因顺位 潜在寿命损失 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]