2022年深圳市宝安区老年人群吸烟与高血压剂量-反应关系  

Dose-response relationship between smoking and hypertension in the elderly in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City,2022

作　　者：何向阳[1] 鲁志威 张建元 刘峥[1] 袁青[1] 郭艳芳[1] HE Xiangyang;LU Zhiwei;ZHANG Jianyuan;LIU Zheng;YUAN Qing;GUO Yanfang(Bao'an District Hospital for Chronic Disease Prevention and Cure,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518101,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院,广东深圳518101 [2]广东省卫生健康宣传教育中心 [3]深圳市人民医院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第9期1105-1110,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(C2023107);深圳市宝安区医疗卫生基础研究项目(2020JD100);宝安区医学重点学科(慢性非传染性疾病防控)。

摘　　要：目的分析深圳市宝安区老年人吸烟指数与高血压患病的剂量-反应关系,为高血压防控提供科学依据。方法2022年1—12月,采用方便抽样法对在深圳市宝安区居住≥6个月的65~80岁老年人进行问卷调查、体格测量和生化检查。采用χ^(2)检验和非条件logistic回归模型分析吸烟与高血压的关系,采用限制性立方样条(restricted cubic spline,RCS)模型分析吸烟指数与高血压患病的剂量-反应关系。结果最终纳入老年人共73117名,高血压患病率为50.58%(36985例),目前吸烟率为13.87%(10141人);高血压患者吸烟时间(t=2.215,P=0.027)和吸烟指数(Z=4.463,P<0.01)高于非高血压患者,差异有统计学意义;已戒烟者和目前吸烟者高血压患病风险的比值比(odds ratio,OR)分别为1.29[95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI):1.22~1.36]和1.35(95%CI:1.28~1.43)。以吸烟指数为0支年者作为参照,吸烟指数1~<400支年、400~<1000支年及≥1000支年者高血压患病风险的OR值分别为1.03(95%CI:0.91~1.16)、1.24(95%CI:1.16~1.32)和1.26(95%CI:1.17~1.36)。RCS分析显示,吸烟指数与高血压患病呈现线性剂量-反应关系(P非线性)=0.107,P整体<0.01。结论深圳市宝安区老年人吸烟与高血压患病密切相关,吸烟剂量与高血压患病存在线性剂量-反应关系。Objective To analyze the dose-response relationship between smoking and hypertension in the elderly population in Bao'an District to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hypertension.Methods From January to December 2022,a convenient sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey,physical examination,and biochemical examination on elderly people aged 65 to 80 years who lived in Bao'an District for over six months.The Chi-square test and unconditional logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between smoking and hypertension.The restricted cubic spline(RCS)model was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between the smoking index and the prevalence of hypertension.Results A total of 73117 elderly participants were included,with a hypertension prevalence of 50.58%(36985 cases)and a current smoking rate of 13.87%(10141 cases).The smoking duration(t=2.215,P=0.027)and smoking index(Z=4.463,P<0.01)were significantly higher in hypertensive patients than in non-hypertensive individuals.(After adjusting for age,gender,marital status,exercise status,BMI,central obesity,alcohol consumption,family history of hypertension,diabetes,and dyslipidemia factors,)with non-smokers as the reference,the OR values of hypertension risk in smokers who have quit smoking and current smokers were 1.29(95%CI:1.22-1.36)and 1.35(95%CI:1.28-1.43).Using the smoking index=0 group as a reference,the OR values for the risk of hypertension in the smoking index were 1-<400,400-<1000,and≥1000 cigarette years groups were 1.03(95%CI:0.91-1.16),1.24(95%CI:1.16-1.32)and 1.26(95%CI:1.17-1.36).The RCS analysis showed a linear dose-response relationship between smoking index and hypertension(P_(non-linear)=0.107,P_(overall)<0.01).Conclusions Smoking among the elderly in Bao'an District is closely related to hypertension,and there is a linear dose-response relationship between the smoking index and the prevalence of hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 吸烟指数 限制性立方样条模型 老年人 

分 类 号：R554.1[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病] R181.1[医药卫生—内科学]