2022年广州市环境污水中新型冠状病毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 detection in environmental wastewater in Guangzhou City,2022

作　　者：杜广泓 苏碧慧 王志萍 苏文哲[2] 温韵菁 李泳光 袁俊[2] 陈宗遒[2] 谢朝军 DU Guanghong;SU Bihui;WANG Zhiping;SU Wenzhe;WEN Yunjing;LI Yongguang;YUAN Jun;CHEN Zongqiu;XIE Chaojun(School of Public Health,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511495,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州511495 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心 [3]广州市花都区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第9期1143-1147,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2021A1515012539);广州市科技计划项目(202102080295);广州市卫生健康科技项目(20221A011065)。

摘　　要：目的通过对广州市环境污水中的新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-Co V-2)进行检测,初步探索污水监测在新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)感染疫情早期预警中的作用。方法2022年1—12月,每月对广州市辖区内重点监测区域(重点医疗机构、集中隔离场所、社区街道、批发农贸市场、污水处理厂、学校和餐饮住宿场所等)进行1次污水采样,用离心超滤法对污水进行浓缩富集,并使用反转录聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)对SARS-Co V-2核酸N基因和O基因进行检测。结果在采集的802份污水样本中,有65份(8.10%)SARS-Co V-2核酸阳性,在2022年1—9月阳性检出率处于低水平波动,10—12月迅速上升,其中12月检出率最高(70.37%),其次为11月(18.92%)。污水中SARS-Co V-2阳性检出率与相应月份内广州市新冠病毒感染确诊病例数具有相关性(rs=0.824,P=0.002)。结论广州市环境污水中SARS-Co V-2阳性检出率较高,污水监测能较好地反映新冠病毒感染疫情变化,可为疫情防控提供数据支持,后续应加强环境污水监测。Objective This study aimed to explore the role of wastewater surveillance in early warning of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic by detecting the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in environmental wastewater in Guangzhou City.Methods From January to December 2022,monitoring areas(vital medical institutions,places of centralized isolation of new virus infection,community streets,wholesale markets,wastewater treatment plants,schools,catering and accommodation places)in Guangzhou City were sampled once a month.The wastewater was concentrated and enriched by centrifugal ultrafiltration,and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid N and O genes were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results A total of 802 wastewater samples were collected.The total detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 8.10%(65).The positive detection rate fluctuated at a low level from January to September 2022 and increased rapidly from October to December 2022.The detection rate was highest in December 2022(70.37%),followed by November 2022(18.92%).The positive detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater was correlated with the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Guangzhou City in the corresponding month(rs=0.824,P=0.002).Conclusions The positive detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the environmental wastewater in Guangzhou City is relatively high.Wastewater surveillance can reflect the changes of the COVID-19epidemic well and provide data support for epidemic control and prevention.Therefore,environmental wastewater surveillance should be further enhanced subsequently.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 污水监测 疫情防控 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]