针对重庆市高盐度榨菜废水在不同盐度条件下的生物处理研究  

Study on the Biological Treatment of High-Salinity Pickle Wastewater under Different Salinity Conditions in Chongqing

作　　者：李士义 Li Shiyi(Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited,Hangzhou 311122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司,浙江杭州311122

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第22期127-129,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：本研究针对重庆地区高盐度榨菜废水的生物处理工艺进行了耐盐性研究。榨菜生产过程中产生的废水含有高浓度的盐分、氨氮、化学需氧量(COD)、有机物和磷,这些特性使得废水处理成为环保工程领域的一个挑战。研究指出,高盐环境会抑制微生物的生长和代谢,影响废水的生物处理效率。通过微生物驯化,可以在一定程度上提高微生物对盐度的适应性,但当盐度超过一定范围时,生物处理系统可能会失效。研究比较了不同生物处理工艺的耐盐能力,发现生物膜法的耐盐性优于活性污泥法。实验采用了两级AO工艺结合嗜盐复合菌技术,处理含盐量分别为4 g/L、8 g/L和11 g/L的榨菜废水。结果显示,在这些盐度条件下,出水均能满足重庆市榨菜行业水污染物排放标准,且COD、氨氮和总磷的去除率均达到90%以上,总氮去除率也超过50%。研究还分析了实际运行成本,发现药剂费用在总成本中占比最高。最后,研究得出结论,采用嗜盐复合菌种的两级AO工艺能有效处理高盐高有机物含量的榨菜废水,且具有操作简便、维护人员少、运行成本低等优点,为榨菜废水处理提供了一种可行的解决方案。This study conducted a tolerance analysis of biological treatment processes for high-salinity pickle wastewater in the Chongqing region.Wastewater generated during pickle production contains high concentrations of salts,ammonia nitrogen,chemical oxygen demand(COD),organic matter,and phosphorus,which make its treatment a challenge in environmental engineering.The research indicated that high-salinity environments inhibit microbial growth and metabolism,affecting the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment.Microbial acclimatization can improve the microbes' adaptability to salinity to some extent;however,when salinity exceeds a certain threshold,the biological treatment system may fail.The study compared the salinity tolerance of different biological treatment processes,finding that biofilm methods exhibited better salinity tolerance than activated sludge methods.The experiment employed a two-stage AO process combined with halophilic bacterial consortia technology to treat pickle wastewater with salinities of 4 g/L,8 g/L,and 11 g/L.The results showed that under these salinity conditions,the effluent met the wastewater discharge standards for the pickle industry in Chongqing,with removal rates of COD,ammonia nitrogen,and total phosphorus exceeding 90 %,and total nitrogen removal rates also surpassing 50 %.The study further analyzed the actual operational costs,identifying that chemical reagent costs constituted the highest proportion of total expenses.In conclusion,the two-stage AO process utilizing halophilic bacterial consortia effectively treated high-salinity,high-organic-content pickle wastewater,offering advantages such as ease of operation,minimal maintenance personnel,and low operational costs,providing a feasible solution for pickle wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：榨菜废水 生物处理 耐盐性 高盐高氨氮废水 成本分析 

分 类 号：X792[环境科学与工程—环境工程]