赣南某钨矿区土壤及主要作物重金属污染评价  

Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Soil and Main Crops of a Tungsten Mining Area in Gannan

作　　者：赖志鹏 郑小俊 陈明 Lai Zhipeng;Zheng Xiaojun;Chen Ming(Coaborative Innovation Center for Rare and Rare Earth Resources Deveopment and Utiization Jointy Estabished by the Ministry and the Province,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control in Mining and Metallurgy,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]稀有稀土资源开发与利用省部共建协同创新中心,江西赣州341000 [2]矿冶环境污染防控江西省重点实验室,江西赣州341000 [3]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第24期76-81,共6页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(20232ACB203026);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1805100);国家自然科学基金(51664025)。

摘　　要：钨矿区土壤及农作物重金属污染一直是研究热点,通过对钨矿区附近的重金属污染和农作物中重金属富集情况进行了调查研究。发现钨矿区农作物中钨的显著富集,通过对土壤和农作物样品的全面分析,揭示了钨矿区重金属污染特征及其转运情况。研究表明:该区域土壤中Cd、W的含量分别是江西省背景值的16.82倍、5.67倍,Cd对潜在生态风险的贡献度高达74%。多元统计分析表明W、Cd、As、Pb、Zn可能有相似的污染来源,土壤中Zn的来源可能是钨矿开采。此外,研究发现了涉及的农作物中Pb、Cr、Cd、As含量超过了限值标准,而不同农作物在重金属富集方面表现出差异性,地上部分含量最多的重金属是Zn,各重金属元素含量的平均含量:Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>W>Cd>As。油菜花、大蒜、豌豆花及油麦菜这四种农作物对Cr具有较强的转运能力;大蒜对多种重金属的转运能力都比较强,更容易受到重金属污染。A field investigation was conducted on metal pollution near a tungsten mining area and the accumulation of heavy metals in crops.Soil samples were collected from 24 sampling points around the tungsten mining area,and crop samples were collected from three main agricultural distribution points for comprehensive analysis of heavy metal content,in order to evaluate the local heavy metal pollution.The results showed that:(1)The content of Cd in the soil samples was 16.82 times higher than the background value in Jiangxi Province,and the content of W was 5.67 times higher than the background value.Multivariate statistical analysis shows that W-Cd-As-Pb-Zn may have similar sources,which reveals for the first time that tungsten mining may lead to the source of Zn in soil.(2)The concentrations of Pb,Cr,Cd,and as in the six vegetables studied exceeded the limit standards.Among the above-ground parts,Zn was the most abundant heavy metal,and the average concentrations of the heavy metal elements were as follows:Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>W>Cd>As.Canola flowers,garlic,pea flowers,and oilseed rape showed strong transportation capacity for Cr.Garlic showed strong transportation capacity for multiple heavy metals and was more susceptible to heavy metal pollution.

关 键 词：钨矿区 土壤 重金属 农作物 转运能力 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]