基于脂质组学的动植物油脂物证鉴别技术  

Identification Technology of Vegetable Oils and Animal Fats Evidence Based on Lipidomics

作　　者：刘平阳 刘占芳 张冠男 王萍 李亚军 周正 孙振文 朱军 周红 刘耀[1,2] LIU Ping-yang;LIU Zhan-fang;ZHANG Guan-nan;WANG Ping;LI Ya-jun;ZHOU Zheng;SUN Zhen-wen;ZHU Jun;ZHOU Hong;LIU Yao(School of Criminal Investigation,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038 [2]公安部鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2024年第12期2021-2030,共10页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

基　　金：中央级基本科研业务费项目(2024JB014)。

摘　　要：动植物油脂是人们日常生活中的常见食材,也是凶杀、盗窃和纵火等案件中常常出现的重要物证种类,对其进行鉴别是判断案件性质和确定侦查方向的重要技术手段。氧化作用、高温灼烧和基质干扰等导致案发现场的动植物油脂物证遭到破坏,无法提取到有用信息。脂质组学是大规模对动植物油脂进行定性和定量分析,并有效挖掘潜在生物标志物和提供全脂质谱图信息的新兴技术。将脂质组学应用到动植物油脂物证的鉴别中,可解决油脂物证量微、组分易变和混合油脂干扰鉴别难等难题。该文按照近些年来基于脂质组学的动植物油脂物证鉴别操作流程,分别从样品前处理、分离分析和数据挖掘3大部分进行综述,并对国内外基于脂质组学的动植物油脂物证鉴别中的新见解和新要求进行了批判性分析,同时对其未来发展方向进行了展望。Vegetable oils and animal fats are common ingredients in daily life,and are also an important type of biological evidence that often appears in cases of murder,theft,and arson.The identification of these substances plays a vital role in determining the nature of the case and guiding the direction of the investigation.Oxidation,high-temperature burning and microbial degradation have led to the destruction of vegetable oils and animal fats evidence at the crime scene,making it impossible to extract useful information.Lipidomics is an emerging technology that enables large-scale qualitative and quantitative analysis of vegetable oils and animal fats,effectively uncovering potential biomarkers,and providing information on whole lipid mass spectrometry.Applying lipidomics to the identification of vegetable oils and animal fats can solve the problems of low amount of lipid evidence,variable composition and difficulty in identifying mixed oils and fats.This article reviews the identification process of vegetable oils and animal fats evidence based on lipidomics in recent years,including sample pretreatment,separation analysis and data mining.It also critically analyzes the new insights and requirements in the identification of vegetable oils and animal fats evidence based on lipidomics both domestically and internationally.At the same time,it looks forward to the future development direction of lipidomics based vegetable oils and animal fats evidence identification technology.

关 键 词：脂质组学 动植物油脂物证 样品前处理 检测方法 数据挖掘 

分 类 号：O656.2[理学—分析化学]