双极串联电渣重熔过程渣壳的演变规律  

Evolution law of slag shell in bipolar tandem electroslag remelting process

作　　者：李雪荥 李万明[1] 邹鑫 李哲 臧喜民[1,2] LI Xueying;LI Wanming;ZOU Xin;LI Zhe;ZANG Ximin(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China.;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《钢铁》2024年第11期89-101,共13页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学面上基金资助项目(52374338,52174317)。

摘　　要：渣壳厚度是影响电渣重熔过程热量和电流分布的重要因素,探究电渣重熔过程中渣壳演变以及渣壳形成机制对优化传热条件进而提高钢锭表面质量和内部质量具有重要意义。将双极串联抽锭式电渣重熔数值模拟与渣壳凝固热态模拟试验相结合,探究了双极串联抽锭式电渣重熔过程中的渣壳演变规律。研究表明,对于结晶器尺寸为Φ120 mm的双极电渣重熔过程,冶炼过程中会在渣/金界面处向内形成弯月型渣壳,随着渣池和熔池温度的升高渣壳会出现返熔减薄现象,并在渣壳与结晶器冷面之间发生固态收缩形成气隙,使金属熔池与结晶器之间的金属圆柱段处的渣壳厚度减小到0.8 mm后达到动态平衡。当二冷强度由800 W/(m^(2)·K)增大到2 000 W/(m^(2)·K),冶炼达到稳定时的熔池深度由74 mm减小到65 mm,同时钢锭两侧的渣壳厚度增大0.2 mm,渣/金界面两侧的渣壳厚度增大0.3 mm。当结晶器冷却条件保持不变时,将浇铸温度从1 000℃提高至1 300℃会显著降低渣壳的内部孔隙率,增大渣壳的收缩率和缝隙内的气隙比例,并导致渣壳厚度减小。当浇铸温度保持不变时,渣壳厚度随缝隙宽度的增加而增大,当缝隙宽度为4 mm时,缝隙内气隙比例和渣壳内部孔隙率取得最小值,此时形成的渣壳最为致密。研究结果为改进冶炼工艺、优化设备和提高产品质量提供了启发和建议。未来的研究可以深入探究渣壳的三维形态,并开展更贴合实际的热态试验和工业应用测试,以更全面地了解渣壳形成机制。The thickness of the slag skin is a crucial factor that affects the heat and current distribution during the electroslag remelting process.Investigating the evolution and formation mechanism of the slag skin in electroslag remelting is of great significance to optimize the heat transfer conditions and improve the surface and internal quality of ingots.Numerical simulation of bipolar tandem spindle-drawing electroslag remelting was combined with thermal simulation of slag shell solidification to investigate the evolution of slag shell during bipolar tandem spindle-drawing electroslag remelting.It has been demonstrated that for a bipolar electroslag remelting process with a crystallizer size ofϕ120 mm,a curved moon-shaped slag shell will be formed inwardly at the slag/gold interface during the smelting process.As the temperature of the slag pool and melting pool increases,the slag skin thins and returns to the melting pool.Solid state contraction occurs,forming an air gap between the slag skin and the cold surface of the crystallizer.This causes the slag thickness of the slag skin at the cylindrical section of the metal between the metal melting pool and the crystallizer to decrease to 0.8 mm and reach a dynamic equilibrium.When the secondary cooling intensity increases from 800 W/(m^(2)·K)to 2000 W/(m^(2)·K),the depth of the molten pool at stabilization decreases from 74 mm to 65 mm.Additionally,the thickness of the slag skin on both sides of the ingot increases by 0.2 mm,and the thickness of the slag skin on both sides of the slag/gold interface increases by 0.3 mm.Maintaining the cooling conditions of the crystallizer,increasing the casting temperature from 1000℃to 1300℃significantly reduces the internal porosity of the slag skin,increases shrinkage and the proportion of air voids in the gap,and decreases the thickness of the slag skin.The use of higher temperatures will significantly reduce the internal porosity of the slag skin,which in turn reduces shrinkage and air gaps within the slag skin,ultimately

关 键 词：双极串联 数值模拟 渣壳厚度 演变规律 热态试验 

分 类 号：TF142[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]