某三甲肿瘤专科医院MRSA流行情况及耐药性分析  

Analysis of MRSA and resistance of MRSA in a third-level tumor hospital

作　　者：吕自兰 王川 LYV Zilan;WANG Chuan(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Chongqing University Affiliated Oncology Hospital,Chongqing 400030,China;Department of Gastroenterology,Chongqing People′s Hospital,Chongqing 400013,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学附属肿瘤医院检验科,重庆400030 [2]重庆市人民医院消化内科,重庆400013

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2024年第S02期12-15,共4页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：重庆市沙坪坝区2023年技术创新与应用发展项目(202384);重庆市沙坪坝区2023年科卫联合医学科研项目(2023SQKWLH024)。

摘　　要：目的了解耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)在肿瘤医院的感染流行情况及耐药情况,为较好地预防和控制MRSA在医院内的感染流行,为临床用药提供参考。方法对重庆大学附属肿瘤医院2019年1月-2023年12月从临床样本中分离金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)和MRSA菌株进行数量及耐药性的统计分析,并统计MRSA主动筛查分离的SAU和MRSA菌株数量,并进行年度间的比较。结果这5年SAU和MRSA检出率呈波动状态,对各类抗菌药物的耐药性变化不大。达托霉素、替加环素、利奈唑胺和万古霉素敏感,对其他药物有不同程度耐药性,所有的SAU对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素耐药率较高,对氟喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类耐药率较低。5年MRSA菌株对β内酰胺类、克林霉素、红霉素耐药率高于非MRSA菌株。MRSA主动筛查中MRSA主要分布在侵入性治疗较多的科室。结论临床MRSA检出率较高,对大多数抗菌药物耐药,应对重点科室持续进行MRSA的主动筛查,及时进行消毒隔离,临床合理使用抗菌药物,有助于控制MRSA传播。Objective To understand the prevalence and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)in cancer hospitals,in order to better prevent and control the spread of MRSA infection in hospitals,and to provide reference for clinical medication.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on the number and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains isolated from clinical samples in the hospital from January 2019 to December 2023.The number of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA strains isolated by active MRSA screening was also counted and compared between the years.Results The detection rates of Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA showed fluctuations,with little change in resistance to various antibiotics.Datomycin,tigecycline,linezolid,and vancomycin are sensitive and have varying degrees of resistance to other drugs.All Staphylococcus aureus have higher resistance rates to penicillin,erythromycin,and clindamycin,but lower resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.The resistance rate of 5-year MRSA strains toβ-lactam,clindamycin and erythromycin was higher than that of non-MRSA strains.In the active screening of MRSA,MRSA is mainly distributed in departments with more invasive treatments.Conclusion The detection rate of clinical MRSA is high,It is necessary to continue active screening of MRSA in key departments,timely disinfection and isolation,and strengthen which The clinical detection rate of MRSA is relatively high,and it is resistant to most antibiotics.It is necessary to continue the active screening of MRSA in key departments,timely disinfection and isolation,and rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice,which can help control the spread of MRSA.

关 键 词：耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 耐药性 主动筛查 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]