2017-2023年某院传染病患者医院感染综合性监测分析  

Comprehensive surveillance analysis of nosocomial infection in patients with infectious disease during 2017-2023

作　　者：刘亚兰 谢娟 邓雯文 黄娅玲 李同心[2] 孙庆云[1] 苏世芳 李佩林 LIU Yalan;XIE Juan;DENG Wenwen;HUANG Yaling;LI Tongxin;SUN Qingyun;SU Shifang;LI Peilin(Research Center for Disease Control and Public Health,Chongqing Municipal Public Health Medical Center,Chongqing 400036,China;Central Laboratory,Chongqing Municipal Public Health Medical Center,Chongqing 400036,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心疾病预防控制与公共卫生研究中心,重庆400036 [2]重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心中心实验室,重庆400036

出　　处：《重庆医学》2024年第23期3546-3551,共6页Chongqing Medical Journal

基　　金：传染科国家临床重点专科建设项目(渝卫办发[2023]5号);重庆市沙坪坝区2024年技术创新项目(2024058)。

摘　　要：目的通过对传染病专科医院2017-2023年医院感染综合性监测,了解医院感染变化趋势及特点,为医院感染防控管理提供依据。方法收集2017-2023年某院医院感染监测指标,对医院感染率、不同病区医院感染率、医院感染部位、医院感染病原菌分布及易感因素进行统计分析。结果2017-2023年共收治患者93254例,医院感染率和感染例次率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。艾滋病病区患者感染例次率为3.75%,高于结核病病区的0.79%(P<0.05),且2017-2023年两个病区患者医院感染例次率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。感染部位以呼吸系统(61.56%)、血液系统(9.44%)和泌尿系统(8.61%)为主。共检出病原菌803株,以革兰氏阴性菌为主(63.89%),前5位依次是肺炎克雷伯菌(16.19%)、大肠埃希菌(15.57%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(10.83%)、铜绿假单胞菌(8.84%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(7.22%)。易感因素前3位分别是免疫功能低下(58.78%)、长期使用抗生素(11.29%)和使用呼吸机(9.20%)。结论主动开展医院感染监测能准确掌握发病趋势,为防控重点提供方向和数据支撑。Objective To understand the change trend and characteristics of nosocomial infection through the comprehensive surveillance on nosocomial infection in infectious diseases specialized hospitals during 2017-2023 to provide an evidence for the prevention,control and management of nosocomial infection.Methods The surveillance indicators of nosocomial infection in a hospital during 2017-2023 were collected.The nosocomial infection rate,nosocomial infection rate in different inpatient wards,nosocomial infection sites,nosocomial infection pathogenic bacterial distribution and susceptibility factors conducted the statistical analysis.Results A total of 93254 patients were admitted and treated during 2017-2023.The nosocomial infection rate and infection case-times rate showed the decreasing trend(P<0.05).The case-times rate of the patients in the AIDS wards was 3.75%,which was higher than 0.79%in the tuberculosis wards(P<0.05).The nosocomial infection case-times rate in the two wards areas during 2017-2023 showed the decreasing trend(P<0.05).The infection sites were mainly the respiratory system(61.56%),blood system(9.44%)and urinary system(8.61%).A total of 803 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected out,which were mainly Gram negative bacteria(63.89%),the top five were in turn Klebsiella pneumoniae(16.19%),Escherichia coli(15.57%),Acinetobacter baumannii(10.83%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(8.84%)and Staphylococcus aureus(7.22%).The top three of susceptibility factors were low immune function(58.78%),long term antibiotic use(11.29%)and ventilator use(9.20%).Conclusion Initiatively carrying the hospital infection surveillance could accurately grasp the incidence trends and provide the direction and data support for prevention and control priorities.

关 键 词：医院感染 综合性监测 传染病 肺结核 艾滋病 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]