长期施用粪肥对红壤固氮菌多样性和群落组成的影响  

Effects of Long-term Application of Pig Manure on Diversity and Community Composition of Diazotrophs in Acidic Ultisol

作　　者：苏先楚 叶桂萍 邓米林 冯蒙蒙 韩风毅 樊剑波[4] 贺纪正 林永新 SU Xianchu;YE Guiping;DENG Milin;FENG Mengmeng;HAN Fengyi;FAN Jianbo;HE Jizheng;LIN Yongxin(Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology,Fuzhou 350117,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;College of Geography and Oceanography,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China;Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Fuzhou 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地,福州350117 [2]福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350117 [3]闽江学院地理与海洋学院,福州350108 [4]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京211135 [5]福建省植物营养与肥料重点实验室,福州350013

出　　处：《土壤》2024年第5期975-981,共7页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42377301);福建省植物营养与肥料重点实验室开放基金项目(2023PNFKL23)资助。

摘　　要：为了探究长期施用猪粪对红壤固氮菌群落的影响,依托中国科学院鹰潭红壤生态实验站长期施用猪粪的定位试验地,利用高通量测序,测定4种施肥处理土壤(不施用猪粪的对照(CK),施用9 Mg/hm^(2)猪粪(M9)、18 Mg/hm^(2)猪粪(M18)和27 Mg/hm^(2)猪粪(M27))的固氮菌多样性和群落结构。结果表明:长期施用猪粪显著提高红壤固氮菌多样性,且多样性与土壤有机碳、全氮和有效养分显著正相关,但与土壤pH无显著相关性;非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)结果表明,与对照相比,长期施用猪粪处理的固氮菌群落结构明显不同,且差异程度随猪粪施用量的增加而增加;曼特尔检验(Mantel test)分析表明,固氮菌群落结构主要受土壤可溶性有机碳、速效钾和有效磷影响;长期施用猪粪显著提高了蓝藻门和厚壁菌门的相对丰度,降低了α-变形菌门和β-变形菌门的相对丰度,这与土壤养分的变化有关。综上,长期施用猪粪显著提高红壤固氮菌多样性,改变固氮菌群落结构和组成,土壤养分含量的变化是重要影响因素。To explore the impact of long-term application of pig manure on diazotrophic community,soils were sampled under 4 kinds of fertilizations:CK,without pig manure,and M9,M18,M27,application of 9,18 and 27 Mg/hm^(2) pig manure,respectively from the Yingtan Red Soil Ecology Experimental Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences.High-throughput sequencing was utilized to measure the diversity and community structure of diazotrophs.Results showed that long-term application of pig manure significantly increased the diversity of diazotrophs,which was positively correlated with soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,and available nutrients,but not significantly correlated with soil pH.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis indicated that,compared with CK,long-term pig manure application significantly altered the community structure of diazotrophs,and the degree of difference increased with the increasing application amount of pig manure.Mantel test analysis revealed that the community structure of diazotrophs was mainly affected by dissolved organic carbon(DOC),available potassium(AK)and phosphorus(AP).Long-term application of pig manure significantly increased the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes,while decreased the relative abundance ofα-Proteobacteria andβ-Proteobacteria,which could be ascribed to the change of soil nutrients.In conclusion,long-term application of pig manure can significantly increase the diversity,and alters the community structure and composition of diazotrophs in an acidic Ultisol,while the alteration of soil nutrient contents might be the key driving factor.

关 键 词：固氮菌群落 猪粪 高通量测序 群落结构 酸性土壤 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]