宁夏枸杞种植适宜性区划  

Suitability Regionalization for Lycium barbarum Cultivation in Ningxia

作　　者：洪云鹏 陈沂岭 苏燕燕 董刚强 宋效东[1] 王涵 杨金玲[1] 张甘霖[1,2] HONG Yunpeng;CHEN Yiling;SU Yanyan;DONG Gangqiang;SONG Xiaodong;WANG Han;YANG Jinling;ZHANG Ganlin(Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Amway(China)Botanical R&D Centre,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214115,China;College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展重点实验室(中国科学院),南京211135 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]安利(中国)植物研发中心有限公司,江苏无锡214115 [4]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《土壤》2024年第5期1091-1100,共10页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42322102,42130715);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021310)资助。

摘　　要：于2023年7—8月对宁夏全境枸杞种植分布情况进行调查,记录了186个点位的枸杞适宜种植情况,测试了70份鲜枸杞样品,获取了可溶性固形物含量、百粒重、产量和果形指数的数据,同时收集了宁夏自治区的气候、地形、土壤等多种高分辨率环境变量。首先,基于枸杞种植分布信息与环境变量,使用最大熵模型(Max Ent)识别了宁夏自治区可以种植枸杞的区域;其次,基于主观权重法建立了4项枸杞质量指标的权重和分级体系,使用随机森林(RF)分类模型完成了宁夏自治区枸杞种植适宜性区划,并使用相关性分析和主成分分析研究了各种环境因子对枸杞质量指标的影响。研究表明,枸杞潜在种植区主要分布在现有农田区(除南部六盘山两侧冷凉区)和农田与牧场交界边缘区,其中,适宜区占47%,较适宜区占35%,次适宜区占18%。气候因素是影响枸杞种植的主要因子,其次是土壤和地形因素;4项枸杞质量指标中,可溶性固形物含量、百粒重、果形指数主要由气候因素驱动,产量主要受土壤肥力影响。该研究对宁夏枸杞产业转型及种植发展规划具有参考意义。A comprehensive survey was conducted during July and August in 2023 across Ningxia Ningxia to assess the growth suitability of wolfberry,the information of suitability for wolfberry were recorded at 186 sites,of which 70 samples of fresh wolfberry fruit were tested for soluble solid content hundred-grain weight,yield and fruit shape index.High-resolution environmental variables including climate,topography and soil properties were collected.Firstly,MaxEnt model was employed to predict the potential cultivation areas for wolfberry by incorporating the cultivation distribution information and environmental variables.Secondly,based on the subjective weight method,weighting and grading systems for four quality indicators of wolfberry were established,and incorporating environmental variables and random forest(RF)classification model,a suitability zoning of wolfberry cultivation in Ningxia was obtained.The impacts of environmental factors on wolfberry quality indicators were further analyzed using correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that the potential cultivation areas for wolfberry in Ningxia were mainly distributed in current farmland regions(excluding the cold zones in the southern Liupan Mountains)and at the marginal areas of farmlands and pastures,among which 47%,35%and 18%belonged to most-,moderate-and less-suitable.Climates acted as the most important factors for wolfberry cultivation,followed by soil and terrain properties.Among the four quality indicators,soluble solid content,hundred-grain weight and fruit shape index were significantly affected by climate,while yield was more influenced by soil fertility.This study provides guidance for the transformation of the wolfberry industry in Ningxia.

关 键 词：枸杞 种植适宜性 最大熵模型 随机森林 

分 类 号：S567.1[农业科学—中草药栽培] S663.9[农业科学—作物学]