小麦茎基腐病发生特点及综合防治措施  

Occurrence characteristics and comprehensive control measures of wheat basal rot

作　　者：吴春侠 WU Chunxia(Plant Protection Station of Lingbi County,Lingbi 234200,China)

机构地区：[1]灵璧县植保站,安徽灵璧234200

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第23期85-88,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：小麦茎基腐病是近几年发生的一种病害,特别在玉米—小麦连作田块呈加重蔓延趋势,一定程度上造成该作物减产降质。为了解该病害的发生特点,以有效控制其发生面积和降低为害程度,结合安徽灵璧县该作物生产实际,通过多年田间调查和查阅相关文献资料对该病害的发生现状、为害症状、发病特点及影响因素等进行分析。提出以保健栽培为基础,包括选用抗性品种,轮作倒茬,适当深翻,秸秆离田,精量播种和平衡施肥等措施;在小麦播种期进行种子药剂处理,在返青期使用高效低毒药剂开展防治,在抽穂期结合“一喷三防”防治小麦茎基腐病的综合防治技术。Wheat basal rot is a disease that has occurred in wheat fields in recent years,particularly in corn-wheat continuous cropping fields,where it has shown a trend of increasing severity,causing a reduction in this plant yield and quality to some extent.To understand the occurrence characteristics of this disease and effectively control its spread and minimize damage,based on the wheat production practice in Lingbi County,Anhui Province,the occurrence,damage symptoms,disease characteristics,and influencing factors of this disease rot were analyzed through years of field investigations and a review of relevant literature.On this basis,the health cultivation as the basis were proposed,including the selection of resistant varieties,crop rotation,appropriate deep plowing,removal of straw from the field,precision seeding,and balanced fertilization.Additionally,seed treatment with chemicals during the wheat sowing period,the use of highly effective and low-toxicity pesticides for green control during the regreening stage,and an integrated control technology combining“one spray for three preventions”during the heading stage to manage wheat basal rot were recommended.

关 键 词：小麦 茎基腐病 发生特点 为害症状 保健栽培 科学用药 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]