园林植物食叶类害虫种类调查及防治  

Survey and control on species of leaf-eating pests of garden plants

作　　者：施剑勇 SHI Jianyong(Shanghai Chongming District Forestry Station,Shanghai 202150,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市崇明区林业站,上海202150

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2024年第23期89-94,共6页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：采用详细调查法和定点调查法相结合的方法,调查了上海崇明区园林植物食叶类害虫种类、寄主植物、为害部位及为害程度及害虫群落构成。结果表明,该地区园林植物食叶类害虫种类主要有24科122种,其中鳞翅目21科、118种,优势种4种;膜翅目3科、4种,优势种2种。为害程度方面,轻微(+)79种,占比64.75%;为害程度中度(++)37种,占比30.33%;为害程度严重(+++)6种,占比4.92%。研究区园林植物食叶性害虫种类多,但其组成结构较简单,能够造成严重为害的种类主要集中在少数科内。针对该地区园林植物食叶类害虫为害特点,提出园林植物食叶类害虫综合防治策略,园林植物食叶类害虫防治坚持“预防为主、综合防治”原则,以抗性树种的营林措施为基础,提高园林植物的抗虫能力,同时掌握害虫发生规律,及时采取适宜的综合防治措施,以缩小害虫发生范围,降低其为害程度。本研究为该地区及生态相似区域的园林植物食叶类害虫防治提供参考。The species,host plants,damage parts,damage degree and community composition of leaf-eating pests of garden plants in Chongming District of Shanghai were investigated by detailed investigation method and spot investigation method.The results showed that there were 122 species in 24 families,including 21 families,118 species and 4 dominant species of Lepidoptera,3 families,4 species and 2 dominant species of Hymenoptera.In terms of the degree of harm,there were 79 minor(+)species,accounting for 64.75%;37 species with moderate(++)damage,accounting for 30.33%;6 species with damage(+++),accounting for 4.92%.There were many species of leaf-eating pests in the study area,but their composition and structure were relatively simple,and the species that could cause serious damage were mainly concentrated in a few families.In view of the harmful characteristics of leaf-eating pests of garden plants in this area,the comprehensive control strategy of leaf-eating pests of garden plants was proposed.The control strategy of leaf-eating pests of garden plants should adhere to the principle of“prevention first and comprehensive control”,and improve the insect-resistant ability of garden plants based on the forest management measures of resistant tree species.At the same time,the occurrence law of pests should be mastered and appropriate comprehensive control measures should be taken in time,to reduce the scope of occurrence of pests,reduce the degree of harm of pests.This study provided a reference for the control of garden plant leaf-eating pests in this area and ecologically similar areas.

关 键 词：园林植物 食叶类害虫 害虫调查 综合防治 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]