3D打印纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料研究现状及展望  

Research Status and Prospects of 3D Printing of Fiber-reinforced Silicon Carbide Ceramic Matrix Composites

作　　者：李天杨 张垚 龚小龙 刘凯[1,2] 杨梅君[3] 章嵩[3] 韩潇[4] 杨丽霞[5] 闫春泽 史玉升[6] LI Tianyang;ZHANG Yao;GONG Xiaolong;LIU Kai;YANG Meijun;ZHANG Song;HAN Xiao;YANG Lixia;YAN Chunze;SHI Yusheng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;College of Materials Science and Tech-nology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211016,China;State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学材料科学与工程学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学硅酸盐建筑材料国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,武汉430070 [4]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [5]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,南京211016 [6]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2024年第12期14-34,共21页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202066);国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2021YFB3703100);2023年湖北省重大攻关项目(JD)(2023BAA023)。

摘　　要：碳化硅陶瓷是一类先进结构材料,具有低密度、高强度、耐腐蚀等优点,然而,碳化硅陶瓷自身的高硬度、高脆性导致其复杂结构件难以制造。3D打印技术的发展为复杂异形陶瓷构件的成形开辟了新途径,但与注射、等静压、凝胶注模等方法相比,其力学性能仍有不足。纤维增强是一类提高碳化硅陶瓷材料力学性能的可靠方法,纤维的引入不仅提高了碳化硅陶瓷的强度,而且改善了碳化硅陶瓷材料的韧性。因此,3D打印纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料逐渐成为研究热点。本文对国内外纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料3D打印技术的最新研究进行了回顾,总结了用于3D打印碳化硅陶瓷增强的纤维种类和纤维预处理方法;依据纤维的连续性对纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的3D打印工艺进行了概括,分析了各种3D打印工艺制备的碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的力学性能,并介绍了3D打印纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的应用领域,对未来发展方向作出了展望。旨在为碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料的增材制造技术研究提供参考。Silicon carbide ceramic is a kind of advanced structural material,which has the advantages of low density,high strength and corrosion resistance.However,due to high hardness and brittleness,silicon carbide ceramics are difficult to be manufactured into complex structural parts.The development of 3D printing technology has opened up a new way for the form-ing of complex profiled ceramic parts,but the mechanical properties are still insufficient compared with those under injection,isostatic pressure and gel casting.Fiber reinforcement is a reliable method to improve the mechanical properties of silicon car-bide ceramics.The introduction of fiber not only improves the strength of silicon carbide ceramics,but also improves the tough-ness.Therefore,3D printing of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites gradually becomes a research hotspot.The latest research on the fabrication technology of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites was reviewed.The fiber types and fiber pretreatment methods for 3D printing of silicon carbide ceramic reinforcement were summarized.Based on the continuity of fibers,the 3D printing process of fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites was summarized,and the mechanical properties of silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites prepared by various 3D printing processes were also summarized.The application fields of 3D printed fiber reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites were introduced,and the future development was prospected.The work aims to provide reference for the research of additive manufacturing technology of ceramic matrix composite.

关 键 词：增材制造 陶瓷基复合材料 碳化硅陶瓷 纤维增强 离散纤维 连续纤维 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业] TB332[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]