苦马豆素对家兔脾脏免疫功能及代谢的影响  

Effects of Swainsonine on Spleen Immune and Metabolism in Rabbits

作　　者：赵金香[1] 陶大勇[2] 杜国丰[1] 张家鸣 沈佳宜 矫继峰[1] ZHAO Jin-xiang;TAO Da-yong;DU Guo-feng;ZHANG Jia-ming;SHEN Jia-yi;JIAO Ji-feng(Yingkou Institute of Technology,Yingkou,Liaoning,115014,China;College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang,843300,China)

机构地区：[1]营口理工学院,辽宁营口115014 [2]塔里木大学动物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2025年第1期74-80,共7页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家留学基金项目(CSC NO.201908210493);国家自然科学基金项目(31260586)。

摘　　要：为了探讨苦马豆素通过消化系统对家兔脾脏免疫功能和代谢的影响,将体重为(1.9±0.12)kg的24只家兔随机分成对照组与试验组,每组雌、雄各半。试验组家兔饲喂含有小花棘豆的自制颗粒饲料,饲喂苦马豆素剂量为2 mg/(kg·d),对照组家兔饲喂自制颗粒饲料中不含小花棘豆。所有家兔单笼饲养,自由饮水,每天观测并记录家兔的健康状态。在试验的第60天,采取所有家兔脾脏,对脾脏进行基于iTRAQ的定量蛋白质组学分析、生物信息学分析及关键蛋白质的Western blot验证。结果显示,所有试验组家兔均呈现明显的中毒现象。与对照组相比,共鉴定出315个与新陈代谢(81%)及免疫相关(15%)的差异表达蛋白质(>1.5倍或<1/1.5倍)。而且,苦马豆素中毒家兔脾脏细胞分解代谢处于激活状态,但其免疫反应处于抑制状态。说明苦马豆素抑制了家兔脾脏的免疫功能,激活了脾脏组织的分解代谢。This study was conducted to investigate the impact of natural swainsonine(SW)digested and absorbed through the digestive system on immunity and metabolism in rabbits.24 rabbits(1.9 kg±0.12 kg)were randomly assigned into an experimental group and a control group,with an equal distribution of 6 females and 6 males in each group.The experimental group was fed a homemade pellet feed containing a SW dosage of 2 mg SW/kg weight per day,while the control group was fed an equivalent weight of feed without locoweed.The animals were housed individually in cages and provided with ad libitum access to drinking water.Daily health inspections and recording were performed throughout the study period.On the 60 th day,spleens were obtained from the rabbits for quantitative proteomics analysis using iTRAQ and bioinformatics.The results showed toxicity in all rabbits of the experimental group,with the identification of 315 differential proteins(>1.5 or<1/1.5)compared to the control.These proteins were primarily associated with metabolism(81%)and immunity(15%).Further analysis through Pathway Activation Strength(PAS),Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)indicated that SW inhibited spleen immunity and activated spleen catabolic processes in rabbits exposed to SW toxicity,although metabolism was suppressed.This study provided evidence that long-term consumption of SW is detrimental to the development of spleen and the maintenance of a normal immune system in rabbits.The findings of this study suggest that caution should be taken when consuming SW-containing plants,and more attention should be paid to potential health risks.

关 键 词：苦马豆素 小花棘豆 脾脏 同位素标记的相对和绝对定量技术 蛋白质组 免疫 家兔 

分 类 号：S859.87[农业科学—临床兽医学] S858.291[农业科学—兽医学]