从剥夺性积累到系统性危机--哈维对当代资本主义危机的新阐释  

From Accumulation by Dispossession to Systemic Crisis:David Harvey’s New Interpretation of the Contemporary Crises of Capitalism

作　　者：姜英华[1] 孙涛 Jiang Yinghua;Sun Tao(School of Marxism,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou Gansu,730000)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学马克思主义学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《宁夏党校学报》2024年第6期48-57,共10页Journal of the Party School of the CPC Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Committee

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“资本逻辑批判及其当代价值研究”(20YJC710024)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：与传统形态的资本主义危机不同,当代资本主义危机呈现出多重领域交织的系统性特征,其中不仅包括整个经济系统的危机,资本主义社会体系内部也突现危机,进而引起经济和社会动荡。针对当代资本主义危机的新变化,大卫·哈维认为经济问题依然是当代资本主义系统性危机的根源,金融资本的运动不仅没能解决资本主义的基本矛盾,反而为新的危机埋下了种子。针对资本主义的危机何以从经济领域传导到社会其他领域,哈维认为资本主义制度因无法解决经济领域的危机,不得已采取剥夺性积累这一手段来侵占普通民众赖以生存的公共空间,由此导致的异化感的回归掀起了普通民众的反抗,进而导致了危机从经济向社会各领域的演化。哈维对当代资本主义系统性危机的阐释具有较强的人本主义色彩,这导致他提出的社会变革方案不可避免地陷入空想,但他关于当代资本主义系统性危机的思想对当代中国防范化解系统性风险仍具有一定的理论启示。Unlike traditional forms of capitalist crises,contemporary capitalist crises exhibit systemic characteristics interwoven across multiple fields.These include not only a crisis of the entire economic system but also crises emerging within the capitalist social system,leading to political and social unrest.In response to the new changes in contemporary capitalist crises,David Harvey argues that economic issues remain the root cause of the systemic crisis of contemporary capitalism.The movements of financial capital have failed to resolve the fundamental contradictions of capitalism and,instead,have sown the seeds for new crises.Regarding how the crisis of capitalism transitions from the economic sphere to other social domains,Harvey posits that the capitalist system,unable to resolve economic crises,resorts to“accumulation by dispossession”to encroach upon the public spaces vital for ordinary people’s survival.This leads to a sense of alienation,which triggers popular resistance and,consequently,the spread of crisis from the economic domain to other social sectors.While Harvey’s interpretation of the systemic crisis of contemporary capitalism possesses a strong humanistic tone,leading to the inevitable idealism of his proposed social reform solutions,his insights into the nature of contemporary capitalist crises offer valuable theoretical guidance for China’s efforts to prevent and mitigate systemic risks.

关 键 词：大卫·哈维 当代资本主义 剥夺性积累 系统性危机 系统性风险 

分 类 号：F091.3[经济管理—政治经济学] F039