坝上地区察汗淖尔流域盐尘暴形成风险研究  

Study on the Risk of Saline Dust Storms Occurrence in the Chahannur Basin of the Bashang Area

作　　者：蒋红军[1] 王仁德[1] 张茹春[1] 李庆[1] 张韬[1] 王攀[2] 刘颖 JIANG Hongjun;WANG Rende;ZHANG Ruchun;LI Qing;ZHANG Tao;WANG Pan;LIU Ying(Institute of Geographical Sciences,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application,Shijiazhuang,050011,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Shijiazhuang,050061,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,MOE Engineering Research Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,河北石家庄050011 [2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [3]北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室防沙治沙教育部工程研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2024年第6期48-55,共8页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(42077069);河北省科学院科技计划项目(23A13)。

摘　　要：近年来,位于冀蒙交界处的察汗淖尔日渐干涸,有成为盐尘暴策源地的风险,这引起了人们的高度关注和普遍担忧。盐尘污染治理的重要前提是确定盐尘暴的形成区域。作者通过调查取样和遥感解译,对察汗淖尔流域表层土壤盐渍化程度和植被覆盖进行了全面分析,确定了察汗淖尔流域盐尘暴形成的主要潜在区域,并进行了盐尘源风险等级划分。结果表明,察汗淖尔流域土壤盐渍化程度呈现中间高,四周低的趋势。流域内植被覆盖状况总体较好,东南部总体优于西北部,但干涸湖心仅有零星植被。干涸湖心及其周边区域不仅表土盐分含量高,植被覆盖状况也较差,发生严重风蚀可能性较大,是盐尘暴形成的中高风险区。流域的其他区域或者土壤盐分含量低,或者植被盖度高,盐尘暴形成风险较低。该研究结果为掌握察汗淖尔,乃至坝上地区其他干涸湖盆盐尘源分布特征,并采取针对性的防治措施提供了重要参考。In recent years,the second largest inland salt lake in Bashang area,Chahannur Lake has been drying up.It is at risk of becoming the source of saline dust storms,which has attracted great concern and widespread apprehension.For controlling saline dust pollution at the source,the occurrence area of saline dust storms should be identified first.Through extensive field investigation,sampling analysis and remote sensing interpretation,this study comprehensively analyzed the content of salt in topsoil and the status of vegetation cover.Basing on this result,we identified the main potential areas for saline dust storms in the Chahannur basin,and classified the risk levels of saline dust sources.The outcomes show that a distribution with high center and low on all sides of the entire basin.The vegetation coverage of the basin is generally good,the southeast is better than the northwest,but the dry lake center is almost bare.The dry lake center and its surrounding areas not only have high salt content in the topsoil,but also poor vegetation coverage,and the possibility of severe wind erosion is high,which is the middle-high risk area for saline dust storms.Other parts of the basin either have low soil salt content or high vegetation coverage,the risk of saline dust storms is low.This research would provide an important reference for understanding the distribution characteristics of saline dust sources of dry lake basin in Bashang area and taking targeted control measures.

关 键 词：盐尘暴 盐尘源 风险等级 干涸湖底 察汗淖尔 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]