上海市嘉定区小学生近视患病与睡眠习惯的关系  

Relationship between myopia and sleep habits among the primary school students in Jiading District,Shanghai

作　　者：林米乐 彭慧[2] 杨飞飞 薛俊磊 于宏杰[2] 马飞飞[2] 彭谦[2] 王颖[3] 史慧静[3] LIN Mile;PENG Hui;YANG Feifei;XUE Junlei;YU Hongjie;MA Feifei;PENG Qian;WANG Ying;SHI Huijing(Institute of Medical Information,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100020,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiading District,Shanghai 201800,China;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院,中国医学科学院医学信息研究所,北京100020 [2]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海201800 [3]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第10期934-938,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：复旦大学公共卫生学院-嘉定区卫生健康委公共卫生高质量发展重点专项(GWGZLXK-2023-04);上海市嘉定区公共卫生优秀人才培养计划-学科后备带头人项目;“沪眼星光”儿童青少年近视防控人员培养项目(HYXG-QJ04);上海市嘉定区卫生健康委员会项目(2022-QN-08)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析上海市嘉定区小学生近视患病情况,探索其与睡眠时长、睡眠质量的关系,为精准预防近视提供参考。【方法】采用横断面调查及随机抽样方法,于2023年4—5月选取上海市嘉定区1889名1~5年级学生,进行视力检测和儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)及相关影响因素问卷调查,利用χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归模型探索近视与睡眠之间的关系。【结果】上海市嘉定区小学生整体近视率为35.6%。单因素分析结果显示,近视组睡眠阻抗、睡眠焦虑发生率低于非近视组儿童,睡眠持续、异态睡眠发生率高于非近视组(χ^(2)=12.816、10.292、10.971、3.917,P<0.05);平均每天睡眠时间不足10 h的小学生近视率较高。多因素logistic回归模型分析发现,女生(OR=1.291,95%CI:1.044~1.597)、高年级学生(2年级OR=2.174,95%CI:1.471~3.212;3年级OR=3.850,95%CI:2.648~5.598;4年级OR=8.906,95%CI:6.154~12.890;5年级OR=12.299,95%CI:8.433~17.937)、父母单方近视者(OR=2.250,95%CI:1.757~2.881)或双方近视者(OR=3.623,95%CI:2.719~4.827)、异态睡眠者(OR=1.518,95%CI:1.065~2.163)近视检出率较高。【结论】上海市嘉定区小学生近视患病率较高,且近视的发生与异态睡眠之间存在关联。[Objective]To analyze the prevalence of myopia among the primary school students in Shanghai,and to explore its relationship with sleep duration and sleep quality,providing references for precise myopia prevention.[Methods]A cross-sectional survey and random sampling were employed.Between April and May 2023,a total of 1889 students from grades 1 to 5 in Jiading District,Shanghai,were selected for vision testing and a questionnaire on children’s sleeping habits and relevant factors were conducted using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ)in Chinese.The relationship between myopia and sleep patterns was analyzed using chi-square tests and a multivariate logistic regression model.[Results]The overall myopia rate among the primary school students in Jiading District,Shanghai,was 35.6%.The results of univariate analysis showed that in the myopia group,the incidences of sleep disturbance and sleep anxiety were lower compared to children without myopia,while the incidences of sleep continuity and parasomnias were higher than there in the non-myopia group(χ^(2)=12.816,10.292,10.971,3.917,all P<0.05).Additionally,among the elementary school students with an average daily sleep duration of less than 10 hours,the prevalence of myopia was higher.The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that factors such as being female(OR=1.291,95%CI:1.044‒1.597),higher grade levels(2^(nd) grade:OR=2.174,95%CI:1.471‒3.212;3^(rd) grade:OR=3.850,95%CI:2.648‒5.598;4^(th) grade:OR=8.906,95%CI:6.154‒12.890;5^(th) grade:OR=12.299,95%CI:8.433‒17.937),having one parent(OR=2.250,95%CI:1.757‒2.881)or both parents(OR=3.623,95%CI:2.719‒4.827)with myopia,and parasomnias(OR=1.518,95%CI:1.065‒2.163)were associated with a higher detection rate of myopia.[Conclusion]The prevalence of myopia is notably high among the primary school students in Jiading District,Shanghai,and there is an association between the occurrence of myopia and parasomnias.

关 键 词：小学生 近视 影响因素 睡眠质量 睡眠时长 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]