2018—2022年上海市松江区中小学生传染病流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases among the primary and secondary school students in Songjiang District,Shanghai,2018‒2022

作　　者：高桂玲[1] 薛青[1] 王超 姚春霞[1] GAO Guiling;XUE Qing;WANG Chao;YAO Chunxia(Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心,上海201620

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第10期958-962,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：【目的】了解上海市松江区中小学生传染病发病水平及流行特征,为学校传染病防控工作提供科学依据。【方法】运用描述性流行病学方法研究2018—2022年松江区学生传染病流行特征,包括发病种类、发病例数、发病率、发病顺位等。【结果】上海市松江区2018—2022年累计报告学生传染病病例5543例,涉及传染病17种,年均发病率11.38‰。报告传染病以呼吸道传染病为主(占77.72%),肠道传染病次之(占21.88%)。发病率位居前三位的传染病依次是水痘、流行性感冒和手足口病,累计报告3966例,占全部病例的71.55%。发病学生男女性别比为1.44∶1,6~<13岁学生发病最多(4383例,占79.07%)。学生传染病发病2个高峰分别在11—12月和4—5月。学生发病率位居前三的街道(镇)依次是九亭镇、新桥镇和车墩镇。【结论】松江区中小学生传染病防控形势严峻,应加强学生传染病监测和防控,重点关注呼吸道传染病的防控。[Objective]To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases among the primary and secondary school students in Songjiang District,Shanghai,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools.[Methods]Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the types and numbers of infectious diseases among students in Songjiang District from 2018 to 2022.Furthermore,the incidence,constituent ratios and incidence precedence of infectious diseases were calculated simultaneously.[Results]A total of 5543 cases of student infectious diseases were reported in Songjiang District from 2018 to 2022,involving 17 types of infectious diseases,with an annual incidence rate of 11.38‰.The reported infectious diseases were mainly respiratory infectious diseases(77.72%),followed by intestinal infections(21.88%).Chickenpox,influenza,and hand-foot-mouth disease were the top three infectious diseases according to the incidence rate,with a total of 3966 cases reported,accounting for 71.55%of the total cases.More male cases were reported than females with a gender ratio of 1.44∶1.Infectious diseases were most prevalent among students aged between 6~<13 years(4383 cases,accounting for 79.07%).The distribution of infectious diseases among students showed two peaks:from November to December and April to May.Jiuting Town,Xinqiao Town,and Chedun Town were the top three subdistricts(towns)in terms of incidence rate.[Conclusion]The situation of infectious disease prevention and control among the primary and secondary school students in Songjiang District is severe,and monitoring and prevention of infectious diseases among students should be strengthened,especially respiratory infectious diseases.

关 键 词：传染病 发病率 中小学生 学校 流行特征 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R183[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]