医学科研人员对P值理解的现况  

Current status of medical researchers’understanding of P value

作　　者：郭轶斌 郭威 吴骋[1] GUO Yibin;GUO Wei;WU Cheng(Department of Military Health Statistics,Faculty of Health Service,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学卫生勤务学系军队卫生统计学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2024年第10期1003-1007,共5页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海军军医大学“深蓝”工程“领航”人才项目;海军军医大学2023年卫生勤务学系教学研究与改革课题重点项目(2023WJA09)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究医学生、科研人员及医学统计学教师对统计学中P值的理解程度及其相关因素,以期为医学统计学教学改进提供参考。【方法】采用方便抽样,通过问卷星发放问卷175份。问卷基于案例设计了6个关于P值的是非题。通过调查评估医学生、科研人员、专业教师对P值理解的正确率。采用描述性分析和logistic回归分析探究P值理解的相关因素。【结果】共收集问卷170份,医学生组、科研人员组和专业教师组分别收集问卷50、98和22份。结果显示,专业教师组的正确率最高(89.5%),医学生组的正确率较低(31.6%)。logistic回归分析结果显示,博士学历者较本科及以下学历者正确率高(OR=2.10,95%CI:1.18~3.76,P=0.012),接受过医学统计学(OR=4.20,95%CI:2.23~7.93,P<0.001)或医学科研设计课程培训的研究人员(OR=2.40,95%CI:1.33~4.33,P=0.004)正确率较高。【结论】医学生和科研人员普遍对P值存在误解,建议通过加强学历教育阶段医学统计学教学,开设医学科研设计课程,增加学生自主讨论,以及加强继续教育和科普活动等措施来提高对P值的理解。[Objective]To explore the understanding degree of medical students,researchers,and medical statistics teachers on P value in statistics and its related factors,so as to provide references for the improvement of medical statistics teaching.[Methods]Convenience sampling method was used to distribute 175 questionnaires through the online platform questionnaire star(Wenjuanxing).Based on case study,the questionnaire was designed with 6 true-or-false questions about P values.Accuracy rate of understanding on P value by medical students,researchers and professional teachers was evaluated through questionnaire survey.Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the related factors affecting the understanding of P value.[Results]A total of 170 questionnaires were collected,with 50 from the medical students,98 from the researchers,and 22 from the professional teachers,respectively.The results indicated that the professional teachers had the highest accuracy rate(89.5%),whereas the medical students had a relatively low accuracy rate(31.6%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with a doctoral degree,compared to those with a bachelor’s degree or below,had a higher accuracy rate(OR=2.10,95%CI:1.18‒3.76,P=0.012).Additionally,researchers who had received training in medical statistics(OR=4.20,95%CI:2.23‒7.93,P<0.001)or medical research design courses(OR=2.40,95%CI:1.33‒4.33,P=0.004)exhibited higher accuracy rates.[Conclusion]Medical students and researchers generally have misunderstandings about P values.It is recommended to improve the understanding about P values,such as strengthening medical statistics teaching at the academic education levels,setting up medical research design courses,increasing student-led discussions,and intensifying continuing education and science popularization activities.

关 键 词：P值 医学统计学 医学科研人员 医学生 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]