事故容错燃料对核电厂安全影响评价  

Study on the Effects of Accident Tolerant Fuels on the Safety of CPR1000 Nuclear Power Plants

作　　者：刘萍萍 刘梦影 徐浩德 Liu Pingping;Liu Mengying;Xu Haode(China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong,518000,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核研究院有限公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《核动力工程》2024年第6期98-105,共8页Nuclear Power Engineering

摘　　要：以CPR1000为参考机组,结合CPR1000一级概率安全分析(PSA)结果,选取大破口失水事故(LOCA)、中破口LOCA、小破口LOCA、全厂断电(SBO)、完全丧失给水、丧失主给水未能紧急停堆的预期瞬变(ATWT)等典型设计扩展工况(DEC)事故情景,使用中广核研究院有限公司自主研发的基于事故容错燃料(ATF)性能开发的热工水力程序LOCUST和SPRUCE,针对ATF-1、ATF-2、ATF-3、ATF-4、ATF-5这5种在研ATF进行确定论计算,并与传统的UO_(2)-Zr材料比较,分析不同ATF在上述典型事故下的事故进程、堆芯损伤时间、系统成功准则和人员响应时间,发现ATF在事故中有更低的包壳峰值温度、更高的包壳限制温度使得CPR1000机组具有更大的安全裕量,为ATF材料选型提供支持。基于确定论分析结果,针对不同ATF,建立一级PSA模型,从概率论角度给出不同ATF材料对CPR1000机组安全的影响,结果表明现有ATF直接应用于现有反应堆并无实质性的收益。在确定论和概率论分析基础上,文中给出了基于ATF的反应堆发展方向。In this paper,CPR1000 is taken as the reference unit.According to the Level 1 CPR1000 Probabilistic Safety Analysis(PSA)results,the Large Break LOCA,Intermediate Break LOCA,Small Break LOCA,Station Blackout(SBO),Total Loss of Feedwater(TLOFW)and Anticipated Transient without Trip(ATWT)with Loss of Main Feedwater(LOMF)are selected as the representative design extend condition(DEC)accident scenarios.Using LOCUST and SPRUCE,the thermal and hydraulic codes developed by China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.based on the performance of accident tolerant fuel(ATF),deterministic calculations are carried out for the five types of ATF under development,namely,ATF-1,ATF-2,ATF-3,ATF-4,and ATF-5.Compared with the traditional UO_(2)-Zr material,the accident process,core damage time,system success criteria and personnel response time of different ATFs under the above typical accidents are analyzed.It is found that the lower peak cladding temperature and higher cladding limit temperature of ATF in the accident make CPR1000 unit have greater safety margin,which provides support for ATF material selection.Based on the results of deterministic analysis,the Level 1 PSA model is established for different ATF,and the influence of different ATF materials on the safety of CPR1000 unit is given from the perspective of probability theory.The results show that there is no substantial benefit from the direct application of existing ATF to existing reactors.Based on the deterministic and probabilistic analyses,the development direction of reactor based on ATF is given in this paper.

关 键 词：设计扩展工况 事故容错燃料 确定论分析 概率论分析 反应堆发展方向 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]