生态文明建设对居民健康的影响研究  

Research on the Impact of Ecological Civilization Construction on Residents’ Health

作　　者：协天紫光 马莉莉[2] XIETIAN Ziguang;MA Lili(Institute of Economics,Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences,Xi’an 710065,China;School of Economics&Management,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省社会科学院经济研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]西北大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期87-98,共12页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(19AJY001)。

摘　　要：科学评估生态环境保护与居民健康之间关系的难点在于前者为一个综合性概念,涉及因素众多,很难准确测度。中国政府近年来实施的生态文明试点政策则为系统考察二者之间的关系提供了良好契机。基于此,将中国综合社会调查数据与地区层面的统计数据进行匹配,并将生态文明先行示范区与试验区的试点改革视为“准自然实验”,使用双重差分法估计生态环境保护对居民健康的作用及其内在机制。结果发现,生态文明建设可以显著提高当地居民的健康水平,即推行生态文明试点政策将使试点地区居民身体质量指数(BMI)实际值与理想值之差的绝对值下降约5.92个百分点。机制分析表明,优化当地大气环境,而非水环境为生态文明建设改善当地居民健康状况的主要路径。异质性分析发现,当地女性群体、老年群体、低学历群体、低收入群体等“弱势群体”为生态文明建设的主要受益者。因此,要加大生态文明试点工作的推广力度,依托试点改革促进健康资本积累,并破解不同群体之间的健康不平等问题。In recent years, there have been many cases of Chinese residents becoming ill, disabled or dying as a result of environmental pollution, and the discussion on whether a green China and a healthy China can be synergized has become more and more heated. In fact, the difficulty in scientifically assessing the relationship between ecological environment protection and residents’ health lies in the former being a comprehensive concept involving numerous factors, making it difficult to accurately measure. However, the recent implementation of ecological civilization pilot reforms by the Chinese government provides a good opportunity for a systematic examination of the relationship between ecological environment protection and residents’ health. In this study, we matched Chinese General Social Survey data (2010-2017) with regional-level statistical data, and viewed the pilot reforms in ecological civilization demonstration areas and experimental areas as “quasi-natural experiments”, using a difference-in-differences approach to estimate the effect of ecological environment protection on residents’ health and its underlying mechanisms. The results show that the construction of ecological civilization can significantly improve the health levels of local residents, as the implementation of ecological civilization pilot policies reduces the absolute difference between the actual and ideal BMI values of residents in pilot areas by approximately 5.92 percentage points. Mechanism analysis reveals that optimizing the atmospheric environment in pilot areas is the underlying channel for the improvement, while optimizing the water environment in pilot areas is not an effective channel. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that local female populations, elderly populations, low-educated populations, and low-income populations are the main beneficiaries of ecological civilization construction.Compared to existing literature, this paper’s potential marginal contributions are as follows: first, it expands the scope of environm

关 键 词：生态文明建设 生态环境保护 居民健康 健康不平等 大气污染物减排 废水减排 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] X321[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]