论晚明文人文房清供的成器观  

Research on the Design Conception of Cultural Artefacts in the Scholar’s Studios in the Late Ming Dynasty

作　　者：孙寅 明娜[1] Sun Yin;Ming Na(School of Arts and Humanities,Shandong University of Art&Design,Jinan 250399,China)

机构地区：[1]山东工艺美术学院人文艺术学院,山东济南250399

出　　处：《齐鲁师范学院学报》2024年第6期109-116,共8页Journal of Qilu Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“明代江南工匠工艺美术思想研究”(项目编号:22YJA760061);校级大学生科研基金项目“明代文房清供的造物观研究”(项目编号:22XS025)。

摘　　要：文房清供作为文人书斋文化的重要体现,在晚明时期不仅在器物种类和制造技术上达到了较高水平,而且在评鉴理论与审美观念方面形成了独特的艺术体系。这一时期的文房清供反映了文人对器物的三种造物观念:尚用、尚玩与尚古。“尚用”表现在晚明文人强调器物的实用性与空间秩序,体现了他们对器物及其使用方式的实用性考量;“尚玩”表现在晚明文人扩展了赏玩物品的范围,赋予更多造物以文化价值,这种多层次的鉴赏方式也拓宽了文人对器物的感知;“尚古”表现在晚明文人通过将古物融入现实生活场景,以表达对古贤文化的传承与效仿。这些观念从实用到审美,展现了晚明文人致广大而尽精微的生活美学。As a significant embodiment of literati culture,the scholar’s desk accessories in the late Ming Dynasty not only achieved a considerable level in terms of the variety of utensils and manufacturing techniques,but also established a distinctive system in the theory of evaluation and aesthetic concepts.During this period,the scholar’s desk accessories reflected three perspectives of the literati on utensils:“emphasizing practicality”,“emphasizing playfulness”,and“emphasizing antiquity”.“Emphasizing practicality”underlined practicality and spatial order,reflects the literati’s rational consideration of the utensils and their usage methods.“Emphasizing playfulness”not only expands the scope of appreciating objects,endows more creations with cultural value,but also broadens the perception of literati towards objects through this method of appreciation.“Emphasizing antiquity”expressed the inheritance and emulation of the culture of ancient sages by integrating antiquities into real-life scenarios.These concepts,ranging from practicality to aesthetics and to moral empathy,jointly demonstrated the life aesthetics of being broad in scope and meticulous in detail of the literati in the late Ming Dynasty.

关 键 词：晚明 文房清供 文人 成器观 

分 类 号：J501[艺术—艺术设计]