中国无酬社会核算矩阵构建及政策模拟分析  

Construction of Unpaid Social Accounting Matrix and Analysis of Policy Simulation in China

作　　者：金钰[1] 吕彩云 Jin Yu;Lv Caiyun(School of Statistics,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学统计学院

出　　处：《调研世界》2024年第12期3-16,共14页The World of Survey and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“国民福利核算理论、方法与中国实践研究”(22&ZD165);国家社科基金重点项目“中国生产率账户编制的理论与实践研究”(21AZD122)。

摘　　要：无酬经济纳入国民经济核算体系有助于全面反映我国经济活动和社会福祉。本文利用2020年投入产出表合并编制9部门细化无酬社会核算矩阵,并从性别视角探讨价格补贴政策对女性有酬活动的影响效应和传导路径。研究发现:相较于女性有酬居民,直接作用于女性无酬居民的价格补贴政策更有利于鼓励女性进行有酬活动;价格补贴政策提高了女性居民对教育文化娱乐、生活用品及服务等部门的消费,并据此提高了相关部门对女性劳动力的需求;从政策冲击的路径看,价格补贴政策分别作用于教育文化娱乐部门、生活用品及服务部门时对女性有酬活动的劳动投入需求影响的传导路径主要依赖于点对点的直接传导。价格补贴政策沿着直接路径的传导速度和效果更为明显。根据研究结论,本文提出应将价格补贴更大程度作用于生活用品及服务、教育文化娱乐等部门,充分释放无酬居民的劳动价值,切实保障福利政策在促进我国女性就业中的有效性。Incorporating the unpaid economy into the national accounts system as an important supplement helps to comprehensively reflect the economic activities and social well-being of a country.This paper uses the 2020 input-output table to compile a detailed nine-sector unpaid social accounting matrix and explores the effects and transmission paths of price subsidy policies on women’s paid activities from a gender perspective.The study finds that:Compared to policies targeting paid female residents,price subsidy policies directly aimed at unpaid female residents are more effective in encouraging women to engage in paid activities.Price subsidy policies increase female residents’consumption in sectors such as education,culture,entertainment,household goods and services,thereby raising the demand for female labor in these sectors.The transmission path of the impact of price subsidy policies on women’s labor input demand for paid activities in education,culture and entertainment sectors,as well as household goods and service sectors mainly depends on point-to-point direct transmission.The transmission speed and effectiveness of price subsidy policies along direct pathways are more pronounced.Based on the conclusions of the study,this paper proposes that price subsidies should be applied to a greater extent to such sectors as household goods and services,education,culture,and entertainment,so as to fully release the value of the labor of unpaid residents,and to ensure the effectiveness of the welfare policy in promoting women’s employment in China.

关 键 词：无酬活动 社会核算矩阵 政策模拟 乘数分析 

分 类 号：F222.3[经济管理—国民经济]