青少年体育锻炼对主观健康的影响机制——体育动机和体育行为的链式中介效用  

The Impact and Mechanism of Adolescent Sports on Their Subjective Health—the Chain Mediating Effect of Sports Motivation and Sports Behavior

作　　者：宋琳 李思诚 邱国梁 舒川 Song Lin;Li Sicheng;Qiu Guoliang;Shu Chuan(School of Physical Education and Health,Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University;Nanchang City Bureau of Statistics)

机构地区：[1]江西科技师范大学体育与健康学院 [2]南昌市统计局 [3]南昌市统计局国民经济综合统计科

出　　处：《调研世界》2024年第12期81-91,共11页The World of Survey and Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“新时代中国特色适应体育学科体系建设研究”(22BTY003)的资助。

摘　　要：主观健康是青少年健康的重要组成部分,从体育锻炼视角研究青少年主观健康影响机制有利于推进健康中国的建设。本研究利用COM-B理论作为理论基础,通过对南昌地区1357名中学生进行问卷调查,使用验证性因子方法对问卷结果进行验证,使用结构方程模型从主观健康、体育行为、体育能力、体育动机、体育机会5个层面建立青少年主观健康影响因素研究体系。结果显示:体育能力、体育机会、体育行为对青少年主观健康均有显著正向影响;体育行为对青少年主观健康的效应作用最高,起着决定性影响;体育动机和体育行为是重要中介力量。基于数据结果,本文认为改善青少年的主观健康需要更加重视能力、动机、机会之间的协同作用,同时要重视对青少年的正向健康观念的培育,并强化体育基础设施的建设,提供更多体育机会,构建全方位的青少年体育服务体系。Subjective health is an important part of adolescents’health.Studying the influencing mechanism of adolescents’subjective health from the perspective of sports behavior is conducive to promoting the construction of healthy China.Based on COM-B theory,this study conducts a questionnaire survey among 1357 middle school students in Nanchang,and verifies the questionnaire results with the confirmatory factor method.Finally,a research system of influencing factors of adolescents’subjective health is established from five levels:subjective health,sports behavior,sports ability,sports motivation and sports opportunity by using structural equation model.The results show that sports ability,sports opportunity and sports behavior all have significant positive effects on adolescents’subjective health;sports behavior has the largest effect on teenagers’subjective health and plays a decisive role;sports motivation and sports behavior are important intermediaries.Based on the data results,this study holds that improving the subjective health of teenagers needs to focus on the synergy between ability,motivation and opportunity,and at the same time strengthen the cultivation of positive health concepts of teenagers,promote the construction of sports infrastructure,provide more sports opportunities,and build an all-round youth sports service system.

关 键 词：青少年主观健康 结构方程模式 链式中介效应 

分 类 号：G80-32[文化科学—运动人体科学]