政府数据开放对企业新质生产力的影响  

The Impact of Government Data Openness on New Quality Productivity of Enterprises

作　　者：马永军[1] 宋鹏飞 刘微 MA Yongjun;SONG Pengfei;LIU Wei(School of Economics and Management,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学经济与管理学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《经济论坛》2024年第12期77-89,共13页Economic Forum

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目“产业链升级视角下湖南省装备制造业服务化转型的绩效与路径研究”(2021JJ30224);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目“新阶段服务化驱动中国制造业价值链攀升的机制与对策研究”(21B0541)。

摘　　要：面对新一轮工业革命和科技变革的历史关键点,企业应积极响应党的二十大号召,合理利用政府数据开放平台,以科技创新和技术变革为基础,发展颠覆性和关键性技术,形成新质生产力,从而实现高质量发展。文章利用中国A股上市公司2011—2022年数据,以政府数据开放政策为准自然实验构建多时点双重差分模型,系统研究政府数据开放对企业新质生产力的影响及作用机制。研究发现:政府数据开放对企业新质生产力具有显著的促进作用,为验证结论的稳健性,文章采用平衡趋势检验、多时点PSM-DID模型、安慰剂检验和替换被解释变量等一系列方法,回归结论依然稳健;政府数据开放对企业新质生产力的促进效应在高科技行业、非重污染行业和非国有企业中更加明显;政府数据开放可以通过提升数字化转型和降低融资约束对企业新质生产力发挥促进作用。Facing the historical key point of the new round of industrial revolution and scientific and technological change,enterprises should respond to the call of the 20th National Congress of the CPC,and rationally utilize the government data open platform to develop the disruptive and critical technologies based on scientific and technological innovation and technological change and thus form new quality productivity to achieve high-quality development.Using the data of China’s listed companies between 2011 and 2022,this paper constructs a staggered difference-in-difference model based on the government data opening policy as a quasi-natural experiment,and systematically studies the impact and acting mechanism of government data openness on the enterprises’new quality productivity.This study finds that:Government data openness has a significant promotion effect on the enterprises’new-quality productivity,and to validate the robustness of these findings,this paper employs the Parallel Trend Test,Staggered PSM-DID Model,Placebo Test,Replacement of Explanatory Variables and a series of methods,all of which consistently support the conclusions;the positive effect of government data openness on the enterprises’new-quality productivity is more obvious in high-tech industries,non-heavy-polluting industries and non-state owned enterprises;government data openness can promote enterprises’new quality productivity by improving digital transformation and reducing financing constraints.

关 键 词：政府数据开放 新质生产力 数字化转型 融资约束 

分 类 号：F234.3[经济管理—会计学] F203[经济管理—国民经济]