基于MSCT冠状位薄层最小密度投影的叉状肋软骨变异的解剖学研究  

Anatomic study of bifid costal cartilages variation based on multi-slice spiral computed tomography coronal thin-slice minimum intensity projection

作　　者：马得廷 崔雪 邢秀红 李秀娟 Ma Deting;Cui Xue;Xing Xiuhong;Li Xiujuan(Department of Medical Radiology,the Affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University,Tai'an 271000,China;Department of Medical Radiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University,Tai'an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学附属泰安市中心医院医学影像科,泰安271000 [2]山东第一医科大学第二附属医院医学影像科,泰安271000

出　　处：《中华解剖与临床杂志》2024年第11期717-721,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：泰安市科技创新发展项目(2021NS397)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨基于胸部多层螺旋CT(MSCT)冠状位薄层最小密度投影(tsMIP)观察叉状肋软骨的发生情况及影像学特征。方法:横断面研究。纳入2021年2—6月青岛大学附属泰安市中心医院行胸部MSCT检查的880例受检者的影像学资料,其中男462例、女418例,年龄18~86(61.5±13.8)岁。受检者行胸部MSCT检查,对肋骨和肋软骨行冠状位tsMIP成像。观察指标:(1)叉状肋软骨的检出率及其性别间差异;(2)叉状肋软骨发生的部位及类型,Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型叉状肋软骨中肋软骨与肋骨或胸骨形成孔的最大宽度、高度;(3)叉状肋软骨相应肋软骨的粗细、肋骨前端是否存在分叉或骨刺、邻近肋软骨间隙的宽窄等伴发改变。结果:(1)880例受检者中,MSCT检出叉状肋软骨43例(51个),检出率为4.9%(43/880),其中右侧23例(53.5%)、左侧13例(30.2%)、双侧7例(16.3%),右侧叉状肋软骨检出率高于左侧,差异有统计学意义( χ^(2)=4.78, P=0.029);男29例、检出率为6.3%(29/462),女14例、检出率为3.3%(14/418),男性叉状肋软骨检出率高于女性,差异有统计学意义( χ^(2)=4.05, P=0.044)。(2)51个叉状肋软骨中,Ⅰ型27个(52.9%),以Ⅰa型(25个)为主,23个位于第3、4肋软骨;Ⅱ型11个(21.6%),6个位于第4肋软骨;Ⅲ型13个(25.5%),11个位于第3、4肋软骨。38个Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型叉状肋软骨中肋软骨与肋骨或胸骨形成孔的最大宽度为0.3~8.8(1.9±1.8)cm,最大高度为0.3~2.9(1.3±0.8)cm。(3)伴发改变:叉状肋软骨所处肋软骨增粗50个(98.0%),相应肋骨前端增粗伴分叉10个(19.6%)、骨刺7个(13.7%),邻近肋软骨间隙变窄者48个(94.1%)。 结论:叉状肋软骨胸部MSCT检出率为4.9%,多见于第3、4肋软骨,常伴有相应肋骨前端增粗、分叉,丘状突起,以及肋软骨间隙变窄。Objective This study aimed to observe the occurrence and imaging features of bifid costal cartilage based on chest multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT)coronal thin-slice minimum intensity projection(tsMIP).Methods This was a cross-sectional study.The imaging data of 880 subjects who underwent chest MSCT examination in the affiliated Tai'an City Central Hospital of Qingdao University from February to June 2021 were included in this study.The subjects comprised 462 males and 418 females,aged 18-86(61.5±13.8)years.Patients underwent chest MSCT examination,and coronal tsMIP imaging was performed on the ribs and costal cartilages.The observation indicators were as follows.(1)Statistics on the detection rate of bifid costal cartilages and gender differences were collected.(2)The location and type of bifid costal cartilages were observed,and the maximum width and height of the hole formed by the costal cartilage and ribs or sternum in typesⅠandⅡbifid costal cartilages were measured.(3)Concomitant changes,such as the thickness of the corresponding costal cartilages of the bifid costal cartilages,were observed.Whether bifurcations or spurs occurred at the front end of the corresponding ribs was determined.The width of the adjacent costal cartilage spaces was measured.Results(1)Among 880 patients,43 patients(51 bifid costal cartilages)were detected via MSCT,with a detection rate of 4.9%(43/880),including 23 patients(53.5%)on the right side,13 patients(30.2%)on the left side,and 7 patients(16.3%)on both sides.The detection rate of furcostalis cartilage on the right side was higher than that on the left side,and the difference was statistically signficant(χ^(2)=4.78,P=0.029).In particular,29 males had a detection rate of 6.3%(29/462)and 14 females had a detection rate of 3.3%(14/418).The detection rate of bifid costal cartilages was higher in males than in females,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.05,P=0.044).(2)Among the 51 bifid costal cartilages,27 were typeⅠ(52.9%),mostly typeⅠa(

关 键 词：肋骨 遗传变异 叉状肋软骨 体层摄影术 螺旋计算机 

分 类 号：R816.8[医药卫生—放射医学] R68[医药卫生—临床医学]