强化型AAO在高寒高海拔地区的污水处理性能及生物代谢机制  

Strengthening the sewage treatment performance of anaerobic-anoxic-oxic system in alpine and high-altitude areas:Nitrogen removal performance,microbial community and biological metabolism mechanism

作　　者：唐涛涛 赵志勇 TANG Taotao;ZHAO Zhiyong(Southwest Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute of China,Sichuan Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司,四川成都610213

出　　处：《西南给排水》2024年第6期24-32,共9页Southwest Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：低温和水质波动是高寒高海拔地区污水处理厂面临的两大挑战。本研究采用强化型厌氧-缺氧-好氧(AAO)工艺解决上述问题。结果表明,在3~10℃内,强化型AAO可保证出水COD和NH_(4)^(+)-N稳定达一级A标。然而,在3℃下NO_(2)^(-)-N的氧化过程会受到抑制,从而导致NO_(2)^(-)-N的积累。微生物群落分析表明,生物膜上硝化菌总相对丰度会随着温度的降低急剧增加,而污泥中硝化菌的总相对丰度会逐渐降低。在缺氧区中,由于污泥对碳源的竞争力强于生物膜,因而污泥是进行反硝化反应的主要贡献者。然而,在低温环境下,生物膜对电子供体的提供能力强于污泥。该研究为低温污水的处理提供了有效的解决方案。Low temperature and water quality fluctuations are challenging for the stable operation of wastewater treatment plants in alpine and high-altitude regions.This study employed an enhanced anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic system to address these issues.Within 3-10℃,the system ensured that the effluent chemical oxygen demand and NH_(4)^(+)-N meet the first-class A discharge standard.However,the NO_(2)^(-)-N concentration increased dramatically at 3℃.Microbial community analysis revealed that the total relative abundance of nitrifying bacteria on the biofilm increased sharply with decreasing temper-ature,whereas in the sludge,it decreased gradually.Sludge was found to be a major contributor to denitrification in the anoxic zone because it was more competitive for carbon sources than biofilms.Genetic analysis found that biofilms were more capable of providing electron donors than sludge at low temperatures.Overall,this system provides an effective solution for low-temperature wastewater treatment.

关 键 词：低温 微生物群落 硝化菌 生物膜 电子供体 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]