典型农村区域黑臭水体光学特性分析与遥感识别研究  

Research on Optical Characterization and Remote Sensing Identification of Typical Black and Odorous Water in Rural Areas

作　　者：付丽 刘阁 宋开山[2,3] 陈永金 Li FU;Ge LIU;Kaishan SONG;Yongjin CHEN(Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment,MEE,Beijing 100094,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;School of Geography and Environment,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部卫星环境应用中心,北京100094 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [3]聊城大学地理与环境学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2024年第5期1064-1074,共11页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFB3901101);国家自然科学基金面上项目(42171385);长春市地表水质天空地一体化遥感监测技术研发(21SH10)。

摘　　要：我国农村地区黑臭水体广泛存在,利用遥感技术对其进行监测的研究刚刚起步,许多技术性问题亟待解决。在吉林省、云南省和广西农村地区进行样品采集,于2021~2022年期间,共收集75个黑臭水体水样和85个一般水体水样,分别对其水质参数以及光学特性进行分析。以高分二号为数据源,分析黑臭水体与一般水体的影像光谱特征,发现农村黑臭水体反射率在红波段以及近红外波段有上升的趋势,红、绿波段的反射率很低且差值小,根据这两个黑臭水体典型的光谱特征,构建了一种新的黑臭水体识别指数MBOI(Multi-spectral Black and Odorous Water Index),识别精度较高。主要研究结果如下:(1)黑臭水体与一般水体相比,其具有较高的总悬浮颗粒物浓度,黑臭水体有机碳的浓度是一般水体有机碳浓度的1.82倍。(2)在440 nm处,黑臭水体中的水体组分吸收系数,即色素、非色素颗粒物以及有色可溶性有机物的吸收系数均高于一般水体。(3)利用去瑞利校正后的影像光谱反射率数据进行数据建模与模型验证,当MBOI取值在0~0.18之间时,判定为黑臭水体,模型精度满足黑臭水体识别的要求。Black and odorous water occur frequently in rural China,and research into monitoring them by employing remote sensing technology has only recently begun,with many technical issues to be resolved.The samples were collected in rural areas of Jilin,Yunnan,and Guangxi provinces for this study,and 75 water samples from black and odorous water and 85 water samples from normal water were collected between 2021 and 2022,and their water quality parameters as well as optical properties were analyzed separately.We analyzed the image spectral characteristics of black and odorous water and normal water using GF-2 images,and observed that the reflectance of rural black and odorous water has an increasing trend in the red and near-infrared bands,whereas the reflectance of red and green bands was very low and the difference was small.Based on the two typical spectral characteristics of black and odorous water,the MBOI(Multi-spectral black and odorous water index)was developed,with a high identification accuracy.The following are the main research findings:(1)Black and odorous water have a higher concentration of total suspended particulate matter than normal water,and the concentration of organic carbon in black and odorous water bodies is 1.82 times higher compared to normal water.(2)At 440 nm,the absorption coefficients of all the materials,including algal particulate matter,non-pigmented particulate matter,and colored dissolved organic matter of black and odorous water were greater than those of normal water.(3)The data modeling and model verification are carried out by using the spectral reflectance data of the image after Rayleigh correction.When the MBOI value is between 0 and 0.18,it is determined as a black and odorous water body,and the model accuracy meets the requirements of black and odorous water body recognition.

关 键 词：农村黑臭水体 遥感识别技术 黑臭水体识别指数 水体组分吸收系数 遥感反射率 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]