世界卫生组织疾病流行应对研发蓝图相关文件编译  

Compilation of documents related to WHO R&D blueprint for epidemics

作　　者：刘巧 刘珏[1] LIU Qiao;LIU Jue(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2024年第5期425-430,共6页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72122001)。

摘　　要：世界卫生组织研究与开发(World Health Organization Research and Development,WHO R&D)蓝图旨在缩短从发现初期传染病暴发到批准可用于救人防灾的先进产品所需的时间,统筹协调科学家和全球卫生专业人员,加速研发并制定新的规范和标准,以借鉴和改进全球应对新病原体的响应。其核心关注的是还没有或者只有很少诊断、预防和治疗方案的严重新兴疾病,这些疾病可能引发公共卫生紧急事态。本文旨在解析蓝图背后的理论和实践,探讨新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)、丝状病毒科(Filovirus)所致的埃博拉病毒病(Ebola virus disease,EVD)、马尔堡病毒病(Marburg virus disease,MVD)、拉沙热(Lassa fever)、中东呼吸综合征(Middle East respiratory syndrome,MERS)、尼帕病毒病(Nipah virus disease,NVD),以及寨卡病毒(Zika virus,ZIKV)等相关案例的R&D策略对于全球疾病应对能力的改善。The WHO Research and Development blueprint(The WHO R&D blueprint)aims to expedite the timeline from the identification of the initial outbreak of infectious diseases to the approval of advanced products that can be utilized for life-saving and disaster protection purposes.It enhances coordination between scientists and global health professionals,accelerates the R&D process,and formulates new norms and standards to serve as a reference and improve the global response to novel pathogens.It primarily focuses on severe emerging diseases that have little to no diagnostic,preventive,and therapeutic strategies,and these diseases could potentially trigger public health emergencies.This review aims to decode the theories and practices behind the blueprint and to discuss the improvement of global disease response capabilities through the R&D strategies related to cases such as COVID-19,Ebola virus disease and Marburg virus disease,Lassa fever,MERS,Nipah,and Zika diseases.

关 键 词：世界卫生组织研究与开发蓝图 传染病 暴发 全球战略 公共卫生事件 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]