2019—2021年黑龙江省男男同性性行为人群HIV新发感染研究  

HIV new infection in men who have sex with men in Heilongjiang province,2019-2021

作　　者：惠珊[1] 宋潇 李婷[1] 江云飞 于兰[1] 张婕[1] 王林 李一[1] HUI Shan;SONG Xiao;LI Ting;JIANG Yunfei;YU Lan;ZHANG Jie;WANG Lin;LI Yi(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2024年第5期465-469,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(20211212050253)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2019—2021年黑龙江省男男同性性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)新发感染状况。方法 按照全国艾滋病哨点监测方案要求,2019—2021年4—7月,采用分类滚雪球方式、网络招募及场所招募方法对黑龙江省男男同性性行为者进行调查。调查内容主要包括社会人口学特征、性行为特征、接受干预及检测情况、艾滋病知识知晓情况等。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)进行HIV抗体检测,对确证实验阳性样本,排除既往HIV阳性时间超过6个月、确证实验阴性样本、艾滋病患者样本之后,开展限制性抗原亲和力酶联免疫法(limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay,LAg-Avidity EIA)检测;按照HIV新发感染率估算公式,计算黑龙江省MSM人群HIV新发感染率。结果 2019—2021年共纳入MSM 6 012例,其中,HIV确证实验阳性者389例,共对其中270例样本进行LAg-Avidity EIA检测,经LAg-Avidity EIA判定为HIV新近感染者100例。2019—2021年黑龙江省MSM人群HIV新发感染率分别为4.02%(95%CI:2.43%~5.61%),5.03%(95%CI:3.28%~6.79%)和5.49%(95%CI:3.65%~7.33%),不同年度间HIV新发感染率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.391,P=0.499)。梅毒结果阳性(OR=4.36,95%CI:1.80~10.53)、最近6个月与同性发生性行为时未坚持使用安全套(OR=10.31,95%CI:5.88~18.10)、不知晓艾滋病相关知识(OR=4.38,95%CI:2.34~8.17)、通过网络交友(OR=3.88,95%CI:1.50~9.98)为黑龙江省MSM人群HIV新发感染的危险因素。结论 2019—2021年,黑龙江省MSM人群HIV新发感染率处于较高水平,需探索针对性干预措施,遏制该省MSM人群艾滋病疫情传播。Objective To estimate HIV incidence in men who have sex with men(MSM) in Heilongjiang province during 2019 – 2021.Methods According to the sentinel surveillance protocol,continuous crosssectional studies were conducted in MSM in Heilongjiang province between April and July during 2019 – 2021.Snow ball method,internet based recruitment and venue based recruitment were used in men who have sex with men in Heilongjiang province.The survey mainly included sociodemographic characteristics,sexual behavior characteristics,acceptance of intervention and testing,and awareness of AIDS knowledge.HIV-1 antibody was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).After excluding the samples that from HIV infection cases for more than 6 months,confirmed to be negative,and from AIDS patients,the samples confirmed to be positive in the experiment were tested by LAg-Avidity EIA.HIV incidence was calculated based on the estimation formula.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 6 012 MSM were surveyed,389 were confirmed positive.A total of 270 samples were tested by LAg-Avidity EIA,among them 100 were recent infections.HIV incidence rates in MSM in Heilongjiang province from 2019 to 2021 estimated by LAg-Avidity EIA were 4.02%(95%CI:2.43%-5.61%),5.03%(95%CI:3.28%-6.79%),5.49%(95%CI:3.65%-7.33%),respectively,there was no statistically significant difference among years(χ^(2)=1.391,P=0.499).MSM with positive syphilis(OR=4.36,95%CI:1.80-10.53),MSM who had unprotected sex with male partners in the past six months(OR=10.31,95%CI:5.88-18.10),having no knowledge of HIV/AIDS(OR=4.38,95%CI:2.34-8.17),seeking partners on internet(OR=3.88,95%CI:1.50-9.98) were risk factors for HIV new infection in MSM in Heilongjiang province.Conclusions HIV incidence in MSM in Heilongjiang from 2019 to 2021 is high.Targeted intervention measures need to be explored to control the spread of AIDS among MSM in Heilongjiang province.

关 键 词：男男同性性行为人群 新发感染 发病率 人类免疫缺陷病毒 

分 类 号：R183.9[医药卫生—流行病学]