广州地区献血者人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒感染情况及人群知晓率调查分析  

Prevalence and awareness of human T-lymphotropic virus infection among blood donors in Guangzhou

作　　者：邓燕清[1] 王淏[1] 万芷婷 单振刚[1] 戎霞[1] 杜荣松[1] 李仲平[1] 梁浩坚[1] 黄伯泉[1] DENG Yanqing;WANG Hao;WAN Zhiting;SHAN Zhengang;RONG Xia;DU Rongsong;LI Zhongping;LIANG Haojian;HUANG Boquan(The Key Medical Laboratory of Guangzhou,Guangzhou Blood Center,Guangdong 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心广州市血液安全重点实验室,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国病毒病杂志》2024年第5期470-474,共5页Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases

基　　金：广州市医学重点学科(2021-2023);广州市科技计划项目(2023A03J1000)。

摘　　要：目的 了解广州地区献血人群人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(human T-lymphotropic virus,HTLV)的感染情况及本地区人群对HTLV知晓情况调查。方法 采用HTLVⅠ/Ⅱ抗体酶联免疫吸附法试剂盒对2016年7月—2022年8月,2023年4、5、7月期间广州地区献血者血液标本进行筛查,初筛反应性标本进行免疫印迹法确证。通过电话、网络、街头问卷调查本地区人群对HTLV相关知识了解情况,使用SPSS 26.0软件对相关数据统计分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果 广州地区2 263 256份无偿献血者中HTLV初筛反应性标本397份,免疫印迹确证阳性25份,不确定16份。不同年份确证阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.770,P=0.353);确证阳性献血者中首次献血者21例,4例献血2次,无>3次献血者。确证阳性献血者中广东籍13例,其他6个省份共11例;外籍人员1例。男性献血者确证阳性率为1.24/10万,女性为0.86/10万,男性高于女性,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.661,P=0.416)。本地区人群对HTLV知晓情况:随机问卷调查(6分制)人均得分0.92分,其中<1分者占调查对象的64.08%(2 730/4 260)。结论 广州地区献血人群中HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ确证阳性率较低,属于低流行区域,本地区人群对HTLV知晓率较低,需加强人群知识普及力度。Objective To investigate the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus(HTLV) infection among blood donors in Guangzhou and the awareness of HTLV among the local population.Methods The HTLV Ⅰ/Ⅱ antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to screen blood samples from blood donors in Guangzhou during July 2016-August 2022 and April,May,July 2023.Reactive samples were confirmed using Western blotting.A survey was conducted through telephone interviews,online questionnaires,and street surveys to evaluate the population's knowledge of HTLV.Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0software,with the chi-square test employed for rate comparisons.Results Among the 2 263 256 voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou,397 reactive samples were identified,with 25 confirmed positive and 16 indeterminate by Western blotting.There was no statistically significant difference in the confirmed positive rates among different years (χ~2=7.770,P=0.353);among the confirmed positive blood donors,21 were firsttime donors,and 4 had donated blood twice,with no donors having donated blood more than 3 times.Of the confirmed positive cases,13 were from Guangdong province,while 11 were from the other 6 provinces,and 1 was foreign national.The confirmed positive rate of male blood donors was 1.24/100 000,while that of females was 0.86/100 000,with no significant gender difference (χ~2=0.661,P=0.416).The awareness of HTLV in the local population was low,with an average score of 0.92,out of 6 in a random survey,and 64.08%(2 730/4 260) scored less than 1 point.Conclusion The confirmed positive rate of HTLV-Ⅰ/Ⅱ among blood donors in Guangzhou is relatively low,indicating that Guangzhou is a low prevalence area.However,the awareness rate of HTLV among the population is insufficient,highlighting the need for enhanced educational initiatives.

关 键 词：献血者 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV) 流行状况 知晓率 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]