新疆额尔齐斯河流域粮食作物昆虫群落结构及多样性研究  

Study on the community structure and diversity of food crop insects in the Irtysh River Basin,Xinjiang

作　　者：周成龙 雷子怡 万育欣 赵远娥 潘冉冉 易光平 季荣[1] Zhou Chenglong;Lei Ziyi;Wan Yuxin;Zhao Yuane;Pan Ranran;Yi Guangping;Ji Rong(College of Life Sciences,Xinjiang Normal University/Key Laboratory of Special Species and Regulatory Biology in Xinjiang/International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pests in Central Asia,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China;Xinjiang Altay Area Locust Rodent Pest Prediction and Control Center Station,Altay Xinjiang 836500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院/新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室/中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆阿勒泰地区蝗虫鼠害预测预报防治中心站,新疆阿勒泰836500

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2024年第10期29-40,共12页China Plant Protection

基　　金：新疆第三次科考项目(2021xjkk0605);新疆草原有害生物普查(2021-2023)(XJCYYH-01)。

摘　　要：为了研究新疆额尔齐斯河流域粮食作物的昆虫群落结构组成及多样性,于2022年和2023年的6月至8月,采用扫网、灯诱等方法对额尔齐斯河流域内阿勒泰市、布尔津县、哈巴河县、吉木乃县、福海县、富蕴县和青河县7个县(市)的84个调查样点进行了昆虫资源调查,共获得昆虫14610头,隶属于11目56科123种。在科的数量方面,优势类群为鞘翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目和半翅目;在物种数量方面,优势类群为鞘翅目和鳞翅目;在个体总数方面,优势类群为半翅目、双翅目和鳞翅目。夜蛾科种类数量最多,为优势类群;大青叶蝉和斑布蚋个体数量最多和次多,为优势种群。昆虫群落多样性指数结果显示,4种作物田在多样性指数、物种丰富度和丰富度指数方面差异不显著(p>0.05),玉米田和马铃薯田在昆虫个体总数方面存在显著差异(p<0.05),大豆田与小麦田在优势度指数方面存在显著差异(p<0.05),大豆田和马铃薯田在均匀度指数方面存在显著差异(p<0.05)。调查结果为了解额尔齐斯河流域粮食作物昆虫群落物种组成、群落结构和昆虫多样性提供了基础数据。In order to study the insect community structure and diversity of food crops in the Irtysh River Basin in Xinjiang,the insect resources were investigated in 84 survey sites in Altay City,Burqin County,Habahe County,Jimunai County,Fuhai County,Fuyun County,and Qinghe County in the Irtysh River basin from June to August in 2022 and 2023 by means of net sweeping and light trap.A total of 14,610 insects were obtained and identified,representing 123 species belonging to 56 families across 11 orders.In terms of the number of families,the most prevalent groups were Coleoptera,Lepidoptera,Diptera,and Hemiptera.With regard to the number of species,the dominant groups were Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.In terms of the total number of individuals,the dominant groups were Hemiptera,Diptera,and Lepidoptera.The number of species of Noctuidae was the most which was the dominant group.While the number of individuals of Cicadella viridis and Simulium maculatum was the highest and the second highest,which constituted the dominant populations.The results of the insect community diversity index showed that there were no significant differences in the Shannon-Wiener index,species richness index,and the Margalef richness index among the four crops(p>0.05).However,a significant difference was observed in the total number of individuals between the maize field and potato field(p<0.05).There was a significant difference in the Simpson dominance index between the soybean field and wheat field(p<0.05),as well as in the Pielou evenness index between the soybean field and potato field(p<0.05).The results of the survey provide fundamental data for understanding the species composition,community structure,and insect diversity of food crop insect communities in the Irtysh River Basin.

关 键 词：额尔齐斯河 粮食作物 群落结构 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]