不同前茬作物和施肥水平下麦田土壤不同形态无机磷含量及其对冬小麦磷累积量的贡献  

Content of different fractions of soil inorganic phosphorus and their contributions to phosphorus accumulation in winter wheat with different previous crops and at different fertilizer levels

作　　者：邵云[1] 王岚[1] 王鹏飞 侯盟 安佳慧 赵宇浩 Shao Yun;Wang Lan;Wang Pengfei;Hou Meng;An Jiahui;Zhao Yuhao(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2025年第1期23-31,F0002,共10页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301500).

摘　　要：为研究不同前茬作物下土壤无机磷形态的差异及对后茬作物冬小麦磷累积的影响,开展了二因素田间试验,测定了3种前茬作物(玉米、大豆、花生)和2个磷肥施肥水平(P_(2)O_(5)150 kg/hm^(2),常规施肥(+F);P_(2)O_(5)0 kg/hm^(2),限肥(-F))处理下播种前和收获后耕层(0~15 cm)土壤全磷、速效磷以及不同形态无机磷的质量分数,同时测定冬小麦植株磷累积量,运用通径分析法,分析了土壤中不同形态无机磷对冬小麦植株磷积累量的贡献.结果表明:与常规施肥相比,限肥显著降低土壤全磷、速效磷和不同形态无机磷的含量.在常规施肥水平下,玉米前茬处理的土壤速效磷质量分数最高且显著高于其他前茬处理,为18.61 mg/kg,总无机磷、Fe-P和Ca_(10)-P的质量分数也最高,分别为592.55 mg/kg、41.97 mg/kg和338.77 mg/kg;大豆前茬处理的土壤全磷质量分数最高且显著高于其他前茬处理,为972.80 mg/kg,Al-P和O-P的含量也在大豆前茬处理的质量分数最高,分别为43.44 mg/kg和64.37 mg/kg;花生前茬处理的土壤Ca_(2)-P和Ca_(8)-P的质量分数最高,分别为27.53 mg/kg和94.14 mg/kg,但与玉米前茬和大豆前茬的处理结果差异不显著.在限肥水平下,玉米前茬处理土壤的全磷、速效磷和O-P的质量分数最高且显著高于其他前茬处理,分别为770.47 mg/kg、13.50 mg/kg、58.99 mg/kg;大豆前茬处理土壤Ca_(10)-P的质量分数最高且显著高于其他前茬处理,为320.62 mg/kg,总无机磷、Al-P和Fe-P的质量分数与其他前茬处理差异不显著,分别为541.96 mg/kg、34.50 mg/kg和36.42 mg/kg;花生前茬处理土壤Ca_(2)-P和Ca_(8)-P的质量分数最高但与花生前茬处理的差异不显著,分别为23.04 mg/kg和78.78 mg/kg.2个磷肥水平下冬小麦植株磷累积量均在花生前茬处理下最高,分别为33.11 kg/hm^(2)和25.14 kg/hm^(2).在常规施肥水平下,花生前茬处理与玉米、大豆前茬处理的差异不显著,而在限肥水平下显著�In order to confirm the influence of different fractions of soil inorganic phosphorus and the effect on phosphorus accumulation of winter wheat after different preceding crops,a two-factor field experiment was conducted to determine the total phosphorus,the available phosphorus and different forms of inorganic phosphorus contents in the topsoil(0-15 cm)before sowing and after harvesting,with three previous crops(maize,soybeans,and peanuts)at two fertilizer levels(P_(2)O_(5)150 kg/hm^(2)phosphate fertilizer(+F)and P_(2)O_(5)0 kg/hm^(2)phosphate fertilizer(-F)).Meanwhile,the phosphorus accumulation of winter wheat plants in mature period was measured,and the contribution of different fractions of inorganic phosphorus in soil to the accumulation of phosphorus of winter wheat plants was analyzed through path analysis.The results showed that the content of total phosphorus,available phosphorus and the different fractions of inorganic phosphorus in soil were significantly reduced in 0 kg/hm^(2)phosphate fertilizer treatment than that in 150 kg/hm^(2)phosphate fertilizer treatment.On one hand,at the conventional phosphate fertilizer level,the AP content in the preceding maize treatment was highest and significantly higher than others,being 18.61 mg/kg,and the content of the Pi,Fe-P and Ca_(10)-P in soil in the preceding maize treatment were all the highest one in the three previous crops treatments,being 592.55 mg/kg,41.97 mg/kg and 338.77 mg/kg,respectively.The content of the TP was highest and significantly higher than others,being 972.80 mg/kg,and the content of the Al-P and O-P in soil in the preceding soybean treatment were the highest in the three previous crops treatments,being 43.44 mg/kg and 64.37 mg/kg,severally.The content of Ca_(2)-P and Ca_(8)-P in soil in the preceding previous peanut treatment were the highest one in the three previous crops treatments,being 27.53 mg/kg and 94.14 mg/kg,but there was no significant difference in the treatment compared with the previous maize and soybean crops.On the other

关 键 词：冬小麦 前茬作物 无机磷形态 磷累积量 通径分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]