海水淡化反渗透膜生物污堵防控及早期监测防控研究进展  

Research progress on prevention and control of bio-fouling and early monitoring of reverse osmosis membrane in seawater desalination

作　　者：刘军 陈勇强 刘主根 任新华 吕志新 于海超 明红霞[2] LIU Jun;CHEN Yongqiang;LIU Zhugen;REN Xinhua;LÜZhixin;YU Haichao;MING Hongxia(Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Ltd.,Dalian 116001,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁红沿河核电有限公司,辽宁大连116001 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《工业水处理》2024年第12期12-19,共8页Industrial Water Treatment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划全球变化与应对专项(2020YFA0607600)。

摘　　要：海水淡化是生产清洁水的重要手段,反渗透(RO)是目前海水淡化系统中应用最广泛的技术之一。然而,随着RO系统的运行,RO膜表面或内部会发生有机物、无机物、微生物等污染现象,从而导致膜通量和截留率降低,影响膜性能和减少使用周期,大大增加了工程的运行成本,其中生物污染是引起膜功能下降的首要原因。综述了海水淡化RO膜的几种污染形式,对近年来国内外RO膜生物污染早期监测和防控方面的研究及分析成果进行了总结,阐述了微生物污染的形式、发生膜生物污染的原因及相关早期监测方法。有针对性地提出了解决方案,并对RO膜污堵防控提出了新思路。Desalination plays a crucial role in clean water production,and Reverse osmosis(RO)is currently one of the most commonly used technologies in seawater desalination systems.However,during the operation of the RO system,various forms of pollution such as organic matter,inorganic matter,microorganisms,and other contaminants can accumulate on or within the RO membrane.These factors contribute to membrane flux and retention rate reduction,ultimately impacting membrane performance and reducing use cycle.Consequently,this significantly increases operational costs for projects,of which biological pollution is identified as the primary cause for the decline in membrane function.This paper provides a comprehensive review of different types of pollution affecting RO membranes used in desalination processes.Recent research and analysis conducted both domestically and internationally on early monitoring and control methods for biological pollution on RO membranes summarized.The paper describes various forms of microbial contamination,identifies causes for biological pollution,outlines relevant early monitoring techniques employed to detect contamination at early stage,proposes potential solutions to address these issues effectively and introduces new ideas for preventing fouling on RO membranes.

关 键 词：海水淡化 反渗透膜 生物污染 污染防控 早期监测 

分 类 号：P747[天文地球—海洋科学]