以雄性不育华柚2号为母本有性杂交创制柚潜在无核新种质  

Production of potential seedless pummelo sexual progenies via sexual hy-bridization using male-sterile cybrid Huayou No.2 as the female parent

作　　者：师小舒 谢善鹏 解凯东[1] 周锐 陈鹏[3] 戴亚 郭玲霞 伍小萌 郭文武[1] SHI Xiaoshu;XIE Shanpeng;XIE Kaidong;ZHOU Rui;CHEN Peng;DAI Ya;GUO Lingxia;WU Xiaomeng;GUO Wenwu(College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Chenzhou Institute of Agricultural Science,Chenzhou 423000,Hunan,China;Horticultural Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science,Changsha 410125,Hunan,China;Agriculture and Rural Af-fairs Bureau of Yongding District,Zhangjiajie 427000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院·果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]郴州市农业科学研究所,湖南郴州423000 [3]湖南省农业科学院园艺研究所,长沙410125 [4]张家界市永定区农业农村局,湖南张家界427000

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第12期2389-2396,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U23A20203);湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金项目(HBZY2023B00501);湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2022CFB675);国家柑橘产业技术体系项目(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：【目的】中国柚地方品种多但多数有种子,缺乏品质优良且无核的柚新品种。柑橘胞质雄性不育为母系遗传,以具有该性状的柚为母本与有核柚杂交,可将雄性不育胞质遗传至有性后代,有望在二倍体水平实现柚无核新品种选育。【方法】以利用细胞工程技术自主创制的雄性不育胞质杂种柚华柚2号为母本、地方特色有核柚为父本进行有性杂交,果实成熟期收集种子后,催芽播种培育杂交后代;在幼苗阶段依据多倍体形态特征从后代中筛选疑似多倍体并用流式细胞仪对其倍性进行鉴定;通过亲本重测序开发多态性InDel标记并对杂交后代遗传来源进行鉴定。【结果】以华柚2号为母本,贡水白柚、雷公柚、菊花芯柚、马家柚和甜柚1号为父本,配置5个杂交组合;人工授粉后共获得65个成熟果实,收集到1163粒种子,通过催芽播种共获得实生苗781株;依据多倍体形态特征,从华柚2号×甜柚1号杂交组合的110株后代中发掘出2株疑似多倍体,经流式细胞仪倍性鉴定其中1株为四倍体。用6对多态性InDel引物对从华柚2号×贡水白柚和华柚2号×雷公柚随机选取的各44株实生后代进行遗传鉴定,结果表明,其均有各自父本的特异条带,暗示2个杂交组合所有后代均为其相应双亲的有性后代。【结论】以雄性不育胞质杂种柚为母本创制的有性后代,为二倍体水平的柚无核新品种选育提供了宝贵的种质材料。【Objective】Seedlessness is an important trait in citrus.Numerous pummelo cultivars in Chi-na contain seeds,with certain fruits containing over 150 seeds,reducing the edible portion of the fruit and consumer acceptance.Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS),controlled by maternally inherited mito-chondrial genome and nuclear genome,is one of the main reasons for seedlessness in citrus fruits,and it has been utilized to obtain seedless germplasm in citrus.For instance,the Satsuma mandarin is a typical example of the CMS type.In Japan,it was chosen as maternal parent in cross breeding to develop the superior breeding parent Kiyomi tangor,known for its monoembryony and male sterility.Following pummelos to produce seedless germplasm at the diploid level,hundreds of diploid hybrid and one tetra-ploid seedlings for potential seedlessness were obtained,providing abundant materials for pummelo seedless breeding at the diploid level.This study also laid a foundation for providing materials for the researches related to male sterility.

关 键 词：柑橘 胞质雄性不育 无核育种 遗传鉴定 华柚2号 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]