利用SSR技术鉴定杧果实生后代真假杂种及其遗传特性分析  

Identification of true hybrids of open-pollination seedling progenies in mango and genetic characterization of the progenies using SSR markers

作　　者：党志国[1] 郑燕萍 朱敏[1,2] 陈业渊 高爱平[1] 黄建峰 罗睿雄[1] 余东[3] 雷新涛[1] DANG Zhiguo;ZHENG Yanping;ZHU Min;CHEN Yeyuan;GAO Aiping;HUANG Jianfeng;LUO Ruixiong;YU Dong;LEI Xintao(Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou 571101,Hainan,China;San-ya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572024,Hainan,China;Fruit Research Institute,Fu-jian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572024 [3]福建省农业科学院果树研究所,福州350013

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第12期2397-2407,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021014);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-31);海南省杧果产业技术体系专项(HNARS-07);福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1028005)。

摘　　要：【目的】鉴定杧果杂交后代F1的真实性与群体遗传特性,为进一步开展杧果遗传改良与群体构建、亲本选择提供依据。【方法】选择13个主要品种为亲本试材,混合种植进行自然授粉,获得1001个F1后代,利用SSR标记对其进行遗传多样性研究。【结果】以亲本DNA为模板,筛选出了13对引物应用于遗传多样性研究,检测到等位基因数范围3~9个,平均6.154个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为2.557,Shannon’s信息指数(I)为1.078,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.571,期望杂合度(He)为0.579,多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.526;UPGMA聚类分析显示,在遗传相似系数为0.50时,可分为3个类群,与群体结构分析结果基本一致;F1代真假杂种鉴定结果中,母本为贵妃、金煌、凯特、台农1号、A61、Juile、凯特的F1子代,真杂种率均高于50%,其中金煌、台农1号、A61真杂种率高于80%,在期望杂合度与观测杂合度方面,台农1号、凯特、Juile、金煌、红玉、贵妃的杂合度也相对较高,南逗迈、R2E2、红玉、Villard、椰香真杂种率低,分别为25.00%、13.71%、25.15%、33.33%、36.36%。【结论】杧果品种台农1号、凯特、Juile、金煌、红玉、贵妃的杂交亲和性较强,南逗迈、R2E2、红玉、Villard、椰香品种极易自交,且品种间存在许多等位基因的现象,遗传多样性较为丰富。【Objective】As a perennial woody fruit tree,mango(Mangifera indica L.)has the problems of high genomic heterozygosity,unclear self-compatibility and hybridization affinity of most breeding parents,and low seed setting rate of artificial pollination,which brings some difficulties to the selection of parents for mango hybridization.SSR markers are mainly used in genetic diversity analysis,genetic relationship analysis and fingerprint construction in mango,but the use of SSR markers for identifying the true hybrids of mango F1 progeny has not been reported.In this study,13 varieties were selected as parental materials,and SSR technology was used to detect the true hybrids and analyze the genetic char-acteristics of 1001 F1 progeny plants in order to provide theoretical guidance for clarifying the hybrid-ization affinity of mango breeding parents and the selection of breeding parents.【Methods】The 13 mango varieties were mixed and planted for natural pollination.The mature fruits were harvested from the fruiting mother tree.The mother varieties included 12 varieties such as Guifei,Tainong No.1,Jin-huang,Juile,Nan Doc Mai,Yexiang,Villard,R2E2,Tangmi,Hongyu,A61 and Keitt.The seedlings were obtained after sowing.100 mg of fresh tissue of the leaves of each seedling were taken with a puncher.The DNA was extracted by magnetic bead genomic DNA extraction kit,and the concentration and purity of DNA were detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and 1%agarose gel electrophoresis,the PCR products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis(1%concentration)and capillary fluores-cence electrophoresis.200 pairs of primers were selected from the previous transcriptome data of man-go for screening,and 200 pairs of primers were synthesized using each parent as the template of DNA.The screened primers were used for SSR analysis.The genetic parameters such as number of alleles(Na),number of effective genes(Ne),observed heterozygosity(Ho),expected heterozygosity(He),fixa-tion index(F)and Shannon’s information index(I)were cal

关 键 词：杧果 SSR分子标记 杂种鉴定 遗传特性 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]